Pests Of Fruit Crops In Kashmir : An Illustrated Colour Handbook / Shahid Ali Akbar, Desh Beer Singh, Javid Iqbal Mir, Aijaz Ahmad Wachkoo, Aamir Maqbool

Foreword v
Preface vii
1. Major Fruit Crops of the Kashmir region 1
2. Major Insect Pests Associated with the Regional Fruit Crops 15 Apple Leaf Miner Anar Butterfly Apple Stem and Root Borer Blackheaded Fireworm Blossom Thrips Chaffer Beetle/White Grub Codling Moth European Red Mite Flat Headed Borer Flea Beetle Grapes Borer Green Apple Aphid Gypsy Moth Knot Grass Moth Large Walnut Aphid Lecanium Scale Mealy Plum Aphid Oriental Fruit Fly Oriental Fruit Moth Peach Leaf Curl Aphid Peach Stem Aphid Pear Psyllid Pomegranate Aphid San Jose Scale Saperdini Wood Borer Shot Hole Borer Small Walnut Aphid Spotted Wing Drosophila Tent Caterpillar Two Spotted Spider Mite Walnut Erineum Mite Walnut Fruit Borer Walnut Scale Walnut Weevil Woolly Apple Aphid. 3. Other Associated Pest Species 109 Walnut Sting Bug Almond Capsid Bug Pea Leaf Miner Almond Mealy Bug
Apple Leaf Hopper Apple Rust Mite Firebug Meadow Bug Red Squash Bug Walnut Blue Butterfly Walnut Husk Fly Indian Meal Moth Saw Toothed Grain Beetle Rice Moth Wood Borer Apricot Chalcid 4. Biological Control 119 5. Insects as Biocontrol Agents 123 Coccinellids/Ladybird Beetles Adalia tetraspilota Hope, 1831 Aiolocaria hexaspilota Hope, 1831 Chilocorus bijugus Mulsant, 1853 Coccinella septempunctata Linnaeus, 1758 Coccinella undecimpunctata Linnaeus, 1758 Harmonia eucharis Mulsant, 1853 Oenopia conglobata Linnaeus, 1758 Pharoscymnus flexibilis kashmirensis Kapur, 1956 Platynaspidius saundersi Crotch, 1874 Priscibrumus uropygialis Mulsant, 1853 Simmondsius pakistanensis Ahmad and Ghani, 1966 Stethorus gangliiformis Li, Chen and Ren, 2013 Syrphid Flies/Hoverflies Parasitic Hymenopterans 6. Other Predators 139 Anthocorid Bugs/Minute Pirate Bugs Dustywings Green Lacewing Chrysoperla carnea (Stephens, 1836) Checkered Beetles Reduviid/ Ambush Bugs Spiders. 7. Rational Approach 143 References 145 Index 159

'On the onset the book provides overview on the main horticultural fruit crops of the Kashmir region (India) with details on production, productivity across various districts of the region and a comparison with the global standards. Pest spectrum of these major crops is then discussed as one of their major constraints on production; similar pest associations can also be found throughout the temperate region of India, and some of these pests even pose serious problems on fruit crops worldwide. Major pest species are illustrated, described and detailed for their economic losses, nature of damage, seasonality and management strategies. Illustrations provided in the book will serve as an essential reference source for professionals, extension workers, consultants, scientists, students, fruit growers and private gardeners. Some of the most prevalent natural enemies are also detailed
in order to promote their effective usage in any future biological control program. A tabulated account of the known major, minor and emerging pest species as well as the account of all the prevalent natural enemies is provided based on both the critical review of the scientific literature, and data generated by the authors from various field surveys. We believe that unless a farmer acquires basic knowledge about identification of these pests, their time of appearance, peak period of incidence, nature and extent of damage, it is not possible for him to resort to appropriate and effective control measures. With such considerations we have aimed to provide an easy to understand pictorial pest field guide that will be of some help to the stakeholders.'