Biology : the unity and diversity of life / Cecie Starr, Ralph Taggart, Christine Evers.

By:

Starr, Cecie

Material type: Text

TextLanguage: English Publication details: Australia ; Boston, MA : Cengage Learning, 2016.Edition: Fourteenth editionDescription: xxvi, 883 pages : illustrations in color ; 29 cmISBN:

9781305073951

Subject(s):

Life Science

DDC classification:

14th Edition 574 STA

Contents:

Introduction: -- Invitation To Biology: -- Secret life of earth -- Life is more than the sum of its parts -- How living things are alike: -- Organisms require energy and nutrients -- Organisms sense and respond to change -- Organisms use DNA -- How living things differ -- Organizing information about species: -- Rose by any other name -- Science of nature: -- Thinking about thinking -- Scientific method -- Examples of experiments in biology: -- Potato chips and stomachaches -- Butterflies and birds -- Analyzing experimental results: -- Sampling error -- Bias in interpreting results -- Nature of science: -- Limits of science -- Secret life of earth (revisited) -- Unit 1: Principles Of Cellular Life: -- Life's Chemical Basis: -- Mercury rising -- Start with atoms: -- Isotopes and radioisotopes -- Why electrons matter: -- About vacancies -- Chemical bonds: from atoms to molecules: -- Ionic bonds -- Covalent bonds -- Hydrogen bonds and water: -- Hydrogen bonding in water -- Water's special properties -- Acids and bases -- Mercury rising (revisited) -- Molecules Of Life: -- Fear of frying -- Organic molecules -- Carbon: the stuff of life -- Modeling organic molecules -- Molecules of life: from structure to function: -- Functional groups -- What cells do to organic compounds -- Carbohydrates -- Carbohydrates in biological systems -- Lipids: -- Lipids in biological systems -- Proteins -- Why is protein structure so important? -- Nucleic acids -- Fear of frying (revisited) -- Cell Structure: -- Food for thought -- What is a cell: -- Cell theory -- Components of all cells -- Constraints on cell size -- How do we see cells? -- Introducing prokaryotes: -- Biofilms -- Introducing eukaryotic cells -- Nucleus: -- Chromatin -- Nuclear envelope -- Nucleolus -- Endomembrane system -- Mitochondria -- Chloroplasts and other plastids -- Cytoskeleton -- Cell surface specializations: -- Cell matrices -- Cell junctions -- Nature of life -- Food for thought (revisited) -- Ground Rules Of Metabolism: -- Toast to alcohol dehydrogenase -- Energy in the world of life: -- Energy disperses -- Energy's one-way flow -- Energy in the molecules of life: -- Chemical bond energy -- Why earth does not go up in flames -- Energy in, energy out -- How enzymes work: -- Need for speed -- Transition state -- Enzyme activity -- Metabolism: organized, enzyme-mediated reactions: -- Controls over metabolism -- Electron transfers -- Cofactors in metabolic pathways: -- ATP: a special coenzyme -- Closer look at cell membranes: -- Fluid mosaic model -- Proteins add function -- Diffusion and membranes: -- Semipermeable membranes -- Turgor -- Membrane transport mechanism: -- Transport protein specificity -- Facilitated diffusion -- Active transport Membrane trafficking: -- Endocytosis and exocytosis -- Recycling membrane -- Toast to alcohol dehydrogenase (revisited) -- Where It Starts: Photosynthesis: -- Biofuels -- Sunlight as an energy source: -- Properties of light -- Pigments: the rainbow catchers -- Exploring the rainbow -- Overview of photosynthesis -- Light-dependent reactions: -- Noncyclic pathway -- Cyclic pathway -- Light-independent reactions: -- Energy flow in photosynthesis -- Light-independent reactions -- Adaptations: alternative carbon-fixing pathways -- Biofuels (revisited) -- How Cells Release Chemical Energy: -- Risky business -- Overview of carbohydrate breakdown pathways -- Glycolysis: sugar breakdown begins -- Second state of aerobic respiration: -- Acetyl-CoA formation -- Krebs cycle -- Aerobic respiration's big energy payoff -- Fermentation -- Alternative energy sources in food: -- Energy from dietary molecules -- Risky business (revisited) -- Unit 2: Genetics: -- DNA Structure And Function: -- Hero dog's golden clones -- Discovery of DNA's function -- Discovery of DNA's structure: -- Building blocks of DNA -- DNA's base sequence -- Eukaryotic chromosomes: -- Chromosome number and type -- DNA replication -- Mutations: cause and effect: -- Replication errors -- Agents of DNA damage -- Rosalind Franklin, X-rays, and cancer -- Cloning adult animals -- Hero dog's golden clines (revisited) -- From DNA To Protein: -- Ricin, RIP -- DNA, RNA, and gene expression: -- DNA to RNA -- RNA to protein -- Transcription: DNA to RHA: -- Post-transcriptional modifications -- RNA and the genetic code -- Translation: RNA to protein -- Mutated genes and their protein products -- Ricin, RIP (revisited) -- Control Of Gene Expression: -- Between you and eternity -- Switching genes on and off: -- Gene expression control -- Master genes: -- Homeotic genes -- Examples of gene control in eukaryotes: -- X marks the spot -- Male sex determination in humans -- Flower formation -- Examples of gene control in prokaryotes: -- Iac operon -- Lactose intolerance -- Riboswitches -- Epigenetics -- Between you and eternity (revisited) -- How Cells Reproduce: -- Henrietta's immortal cells -- Multiplication by division: -- Controls over the cell cycle -- Closer look at mitosis -- Cytokinesis: division of cytoplasm -- Marking time with telomeres -- When mitosis becomes pathological: -- Cancer -- Henrietta's immortal cells (revisited) -- Meiosis And Sexual Reproduction: -- Why sex? -- Meiosis in sexual reproduction: -- Introducing alleles -- Meiosis halves the chromosome number -- Fertilization restores chromosome number -- Visual tour of meiosis -- How meiosis introduces variations in traits: -- Crossing over -- Chromosome segregation -- Mitosis and meiosis: an ancestral connection? -- Why sex? (revisited) -- Observing Patterns In Inherited Traits: -- Menacing mucus -- Mendel, pea plants, and inheritance patterns: -- Mendel's experiments -- Inheritance in modern terms -- Mendel's law of segregation -- Mendel's law of independent assortment: -- Contribution of crossovers -- Beyond simple dominance: -- Codominance -- Incomplete dominance -- Epistasis -- Pleiotropy -- Nature and nurture: -- Some environmental effects -- Complex variation in traits: -- Continuous variation -- Menacing mucus (revisited) -- Chromosome An Human Inheritance: -- Shades of skin -- Human chromosome: -- Types of genetic variation -- Examples of autosomal inheritance patterns: -- Autosomal dominant pattern -- Autosomal recessive pattern -- Examples of X-linked inheritance patterns: -- X-linked recessive pattern -- Heritable changes in chromosome structure: -- Types of chromosomal change -- Chromosome changes in evolution -- Heritable changes in chromosome number: -- Autosomal aneuploidy and down syndrome -- Sex chromosome aneuploidy -- Genetic screening -- Shades of skin (revisited) -- Studying And Manipulating Genomes: -- Personal genetic testing -- Cloning DNA: -- Cut and paste -- cDNA cloning -- Isolating Genes: -- DNA libraries -- PCR -- DNA sequencing: -- Human genome project -- Genomics: -- DNA profiling -- Genetic engineering -- Designer plants-- Biotech barnyards: -- Knockouts and organ factories -- Safety issues -- Genetically modified humans: -- Gene therapy -- Eugenics -- Personal genetic testing (revisited). Unit 3: Principles Of Evolution: -- Evidence Of Evolution: -- Reflections of a distant past -- Early beliefs, confounding discoveries -- Flurry of new theories: -- Squeezing new evidence into old beliefs -- Darwin and the HMS beagle -- Darwin, Wallace, and natural selection: -- Key insight: variation in traits -- Great minds think alike -- Fossils: evidence of ancient life: -- Fossil record -- Filling in pieces of the puzzle: -- Radiometric dating -- Missing links -- Drifting continents, changing seas -- Putting time into perspective -- Reflections of a distant past (revisited) -- Processes Of Evolution: -- Superbug farms -- Individuals don't evolve, populations do: -- Alleles in populations -- Evolutionary view of mutations -- Allele frequencies -- Genetic equilibrium: -- Applying the Hardy-Weinberg Law -- Real-world situations -- Patterns of natural selection -- Directional selection: -- Examples of directional selection -- Stabilizing and disruptive selection: -- Stabilizing selection -- Disruptive selection -- Fostering diversity: -- Survival of the sexiest -- Maintaining multiple alleles -- Genetic drift and gene flow: -- Genetic drift -- Bottlenecks and the founder effect -- Gene flow -- Reproductive isolation -- Allopatric speciation: -- Speciation in archipelagos -- Other speciation models: -- Sympatric speciation -- Parapatric speciation -- Macroevolution: -- Evolutionary theory -- Superbug farms (revisited) -- Organizing Information About Species: -- Bye bye birdies -- Phylogeny: -- Cladistics -- Comparing form and function: -- Morphological divergence -- Morphological convergence -- Comparing biochemistry: -- DNA and protein sequence comparison -- Comparing patterns of animal development -- Applications of phylogeny research: -- Conservation biology -- Medical research -- Bye bye birdie (revisited) -- Life's Origin And Early Evolution: -- Looking for life -- Early earth: -- Origin of the universe and earth -- Conditions of the early earth -- Organic monomers form: -- Organic molecules from inorganic precursors -- Sources of life's first building blocks -- From polymers to protocells: -- Properties of cells -- Origin of metabolism -- Origin of the genome -- Origin of the plasma membrane -- Life's early evolution: -- Common ancestor of all life -- Looking for evidence of early life -- Oldest fossil cells -- Changes in the air -- Rise of the eukaryotes -- Origin and evolution of eukaryote: -- Origin of the nucleus -- Origin of mitochondria and chloroplasts -- Eukaryotic divergence -- Time line for life's origin and evolution -- Looking for life (revisited) -- Unit 4: Evolution And Biodiversity: -- Viruses Bacteria, And Archaea: -- Evolution of a disease -- Viruses and Viroids: -- Viral structure -- Origin and ecological role of viruses -- Viroids -- Viral replication: -- Overview of viral replication -- Bacteriophage replication -- Replication of HIV -- Viruses as human pathogens: -- Threat of infectious disease -- Common viral diseases -- Emerging viral diseases -- Viral mutation and reassortment -- Shared traits of prokaryotes: -- Structural traits -- Reproduction and gene transfers -- Factors in the success of prokaryotes: -- Diverse modes of nutrition -- Aerobes and anaerobes -- Dormant resting structures -- Investigating species diversity -- Sample of bacterial diversity -- Heat lovers -- Oxygen-producing cyanobacteria -- Highly diverse Proteobacteria -- Thick-walled, gram-positive bacteria -- Tiny spirochetes and chlamydias -- Archaea: -- Discovery of the third domain -- Here, there, everywhere -- Evolution of a disease (revisited) -- Protists: The Simplest Eukaryotes: -- Malaria: from Tutankhamun to today -- Collection of lineages: -- Classification and phylogeny -- Cells, colonies, and multicellular organisms -- Modes of nutrition -- Diverse life cycles -- Flagellated protozoans: -- Anaerobic Flagellates -- Trypanosomes and other kinetoplastids -- Euglenoids -- Foraminifera and radiolarians -- Ciliates -- Dinoflagellates -- Apicomplexans -- Stramenoplies: -- Diatoms -- Brown algae -- Water molds -- Red algae and green algae: -- Red algae -- Green algae -- Amoebozoans and Choanoflagellates: -- Amoebozoans -- Choanoflagellates -- Malaria: from Tutankhamun to today (revisited) -- Land Plants: -- Saving seeds -- Plant ancestry and diversity: -- From algal ancestors to embryophytes -- Adaptive radiation on land -- Evolutionary trends among plants -- From haploid to diploid dominance -- Structural adaptations -- Pollen and seeds -- Bryophytes: -- Mosses -- Liverworts -- Hornworts -- Seedless vascular plants: -- Club mosses -- Whisk ferns and horsetails -- Ferns -- History of the vascular plants: -- From tiny branchers to coal forests -- Rise of the seed plants -- Gymnosperms: -- Conifers -- Lesser-known lineages -- Angiosperms: the flowering plants: -- Angiosperm life cycle -- Factors contributing to angiosperm success -- Angiosperm diversity and importance: -- Angiosperm lineages -- Ecological and economic importance -- Saving seeds (revisited) -- Fungi: -- High-flying fungi -- Fungal traits and classification: -- Structure and function -- Life cycles -- Flagellated fungi -- Zygote fungi and related groups: -- Zygote fungi -- Microsporidia: intracellular parasites -- Glomeromycetes: partners of plants -- Sac fungi: Ascomycetes: -- Life cycles -- Diversity -- Human uses of sac fungi -- Club fungi: basidiomycetes: -- Life cycle -- Ecology -- Ecological roles of fungi: -- Fungi as decomposers -- Fungal partnerships -- Fungal parasites and pathogens -- High-flying fungi (revisited) -- Animal Evolution: The Invertebrates: -- Medicines from the sea -- Animal traits and body plans: -- What is an animal? -- Variation in animal body plans -- Animal origins and adaptive radiation: -- Colonial origins -- Early animals -- Cambrian explosion -- Sponges -- Cnidarians: predators with stinging cells: -- Body plans -- Diversity and life cycles -- Flatworms: simple organ systems: -- Free-living flatworms -- Parasitic flatworms -- Annelids: segmented worms: -- Marine polychaetes -- Leeches: bloodsuckers and others -- Earthworm: an oligochaete -- Mollusks: animals with a mantle: -- General characteristics -- Mollusk diversity -- Rotifers and tardigrades: tiny and tough -- Roundworms: unsegmented worms that molt -- Arthropods: molting animals with jointed legs: -- Key arthropod adaptations -- Chelicerates: spiders and their relatives -- Myriapods -- Crustaceans -- Insects: diverse and abundant: -- Characteristic features -- Importance of insects -- Spiny-skinned echinoderms: -- Protostome-deuterostome split -- Echinoderm characteristics and body plan -- Echinoderm diversity -- Medicines from the sea (revisited) -- Animal Evolution: The Chordates: -- Very early birds -- Chordate traits and evolutionary trends: -- Chordate characteristics -- Invertebrate chordates -- Overview of chordate evolution -- Jawless fishes -- Evolution of jawed fishes -- Modern jawed fishes: -- Cartilaginous fishes -- Bony fishes -- Amphibians: first tetrapods on land: -- Adapting to life on land -- Modern amphibians -- Declining diversity -- Amniote evolution -- Nonbird reptiles -- Birds: the feathered ones: -- General characteristics -- Avian diversity -- Mammals: milk makers: -- Mammalian traits -- Mammalian origins and diversification -- Modern mammalian diversity: -- Egg-laying monotremes -- Marsupials -- Placental mammals -- Very early birds (revisited). Human Evolution: -- Bit of a Neanderthal -- Primates: our order: -- Primate characteristics -- Origins and early branchings -- Apes: -- Hominoid origins and divergences -- Modern apes -- Human-ape comparison -- Rise of the hominins: -- Early proposed hominins: -- Australopiths -- Factors favoring bipedalism -- Early humans: -- Classifying fossils: lumpers and splitters -- Homo habilis -- Homo erectus -- Early culture -- Recent human lineages: -- Origin and dispersal of homo sapiens -- Other recent homo species -- Bit of a Neanderthal (revisited) -- Unit 5: How Plants Work: -- Plant Tissues: -- Carbon sequestration -- Plant body -- Plant tissues -- Stems: -- Internal structure -- Variations on a stem -- Leaves: -- Internal structure -- Roots: -- Internal structure -- Primary growth: -- Primary growth in shoots -- Primary growth in roots -- Secondary growth -- Tree rings and old secrets -- Carbon sequestration (revisited) -- Plant Nutrition And Transport: -- Leafy cleanup -- Plant nutrients and availability in soil: -- Properties of soil -- How soils change -- Roots adaptations for nutrient uptake: -- Function of endodermis -- Mutualisms -- Water movement inside plants: -- Cohesion-tension theory -- Water-conserving adaptations of stems and leaves: -- How stomate work -- Movement of organic compounds in plants -- Leafy cleanup (revisited) -- Life Cycles Of Flowering Plants: -- Plight of the honeybee -- Reproductive structures: -- Diversity of floral structure -- Flowers and their pollinators -- New generation begins -- Flower sex -- Seed formation -- Fruits -- Early development: -- Breaking dormancy -- After germination -- Asexual reproduction of flowering plants: -- Agricultural applications -- Plight of the honeybee (revisited) -- Communication Strategies In Plants: -- Prescription: chocolate -- Introduction to plant hormones: -- Chemical signaling in plants -- Auxin: the master growth hormone: -- Polar transport -- Cytokinin -- Gibberellin -- Abscisic acid -- Ethylene -- Tropisms -- Sensing recurring environmental change: -- Daily change -- Seasonal change -- Responses to stress: -- Prescription: chocolate (revisited) -- Unit 6: How Animals Work: -- Animal Tissues And Organ Systems: -- Stem cells-it's all about potential -- Organization of animal bodies: -- Levels or organization -- Internal environment -- Evolution of animal structure -- Epithelial tissue: -- General characteristics -- Variations in structure and function -- Epithelial cell secretions -- Carcinomas: epithelial cell cancers -- Connective tissues: -- General characteristics -- Types of connective tissue -- Muscle tissues: -- Skeletal muscle tissue -- Cardiac muscle tissue -- Smooth muscle tissue -- Nervous tissue -- Organ systems -- Human integumentary system: -- Structure of human skin -- Evolution and human skin -- Negative feedback in homeostasis -- Stem cells: it's all about potential (revisited) -- Neural Control: -- Impacts of concussion -- Evolution of nervous systems: -- Nerve net -- Getting a head -- Vertebrate nervous system -- Neurons: the great communicators -- Membrane potential -- Actin potential: -- Graded potentials and reaching threshold -- All-or-nothing spike -- Propagation of an action potential -- How neurons send messages to other cells: -- Synapse -- Cleaning the cleft -- Synaptic integration -- Neurons' chemical signals: -- Chemically disrupting signaling -- Peripheral nervous system: -- Nerve structure -- Functional divisions -- Spinal cord: -- Information highway -- Reflex pathways -- Interrupted spinal signaling -- Vertebrate brain: -- Brain development and evolution -- Ventricles and the blood-brain barrier -- Human brain -- Human cerebral cortex -- Emotion and memory: -- Emotional brain -- Making memories -- Neuroglia: the neurons' support staff: -- Types and functions of neuroglia -- Brain tumors -- Impacts of concussions (revisited) -- Sensory Perception: -- Bionic senses -- Overview of sensory pathways: -- Sensory diversity -- From sensing to sensation to perception -- Somatic and visceral sensations: -- Somatosensory cortex -- Pain -- Chemical senses: -- Sense of smell -- Sense of taste -- Pheromones: chemical messages -- Diversity of visual system: -- Requirements for vison -- Closer look at the human eye: -- Anatomy of the eye -- Focusing mechanisms -- Light reception and visual processing -- Visual disorders -- Vertebrate hearing: -- Properties of sound -- Vertebrate ear -- Organs of equilibrium -- Bionic senses (revisited) -- Endocrine Control: -- Hormones in the balance -- Vertebrate endocrine system: -- Mechanisms of intercellular signaling -- Discovery of hormones -- Neuroendocrine interactions -- Nature of hormone action: -- Categories of hormones -- Receptor function and diversity -- Hypothalamus and pituitary gland: -- Posterior pituitary function -- Anterior pituitary function -- Growth hormone function and disorders -- Sources and effects of other vertebrate hormones -- Thyroid and parathyroid glands: -- Feedback control of thyroid function -- Thyroid disorders -- Thyroid disruptors -- Parathyroid glands -- Pancreatic hormones: -- Regulation of blood sugar -- Diabetes -- Adrenal glands: -- Adrenal cortex -- Adrenal medulla -- Stress, elevated cortisol, and health -- Cortisol deficiency -- Gonads -- Pineal gland -- Thymus -- Invertebrate hormones: -- Evolution of hormone diversity -- Hormones and molting -- Hormones in the balance (revisited) -- Structural Support And Movement: -- Muscles and myostatin -- Animal movement -- Vertebrate endoskeleton: -- Invertebrate skeletons -- Vertebrate endoskeleton -- Bone structure and function: -- Bone anatomy -- Bone formation and remodeling -- Where bones meet -- Bone and joint health -- Skeletal muscle function -- How muscle contracts: -- Structure of skeletal muscle -- Sliding-filament model -- Nervous control of muscle contraction: -- Nervous control of contraction -- Motor units and muscle tension -- Disrupted control of skeletal muscle -- Muscle metabolism: -- Energy-releasing pathways -- Types of muscle fibers -- Effects of exercise and inactivity -- Muscles and myostatin (revisited) -- Circulation: -- Shocking save -- Circulatory systems: -- Open and closed circulatory systems -- Evolution of vertebrate circulation -- Human cardiovascular system: -- Pulmonary circuit -- Systemic circuit -- Human heart: -- Cardiac cycle -- Setting the pace for contraction -- Vertebrate blood: -- Plasma -- Cellular components -- Arteries and arterioles: -- Rapid transport in arteries -- Adjusting flow at arterioles -- Blood pressure -- Exchanges at capillaries -- Back to the heart -- Blood and cardiovascular disorders: -- Altered blood cell count -- Cardiovascular disease -- Interactions with the Lymphatic system: -- Lymphoid vascular system -- Lymphoid organs and tissues -- Shocking save (revisited) -- Immunity: -- Frankie's last wish -- Integrated responses to threats: -- Three lines of defense -- Defenders -- Surface barriers: -- Normal flora -- Barriers to infection -- Triggering innate defenses: -- Complement -- Phagocytic leukocytes -- Inflammation and fever: -- Inflammation -- Fever -- Antigen receptors: -- Antigen receptor diversity -- Overview of adaptive immunity: -- Two arms of adaptive immunity -- Antigen processing -- Antibody-mediated immune response: -- Antibodies and ABO blood typing -- Cell-mediated immune response: -- Cytotoxic T cells: activation and action -- Role of natural killer (NK) cells -- When immunity goes wrong: -- Allergies -- Overly vigorous responses -- Autoimmune disorders -- Immunodeficiency -- HIV and AIDS: -- HIV revisited -- Vaccines: -- Progress on an HIV vaccine -- Frankie's last wish (revisited) -- Respiration: -- Carbon monoxide: a stealthy poison -- Nature of respiration: -- Gas exchanges -- Factors affecting gas exchange -- Respiratory medium: air or water? -- Invertebrate respiration: -- Respiration in damp or aquatic habitats -- Respiratory adaptation to life on land -- Vertebrate respiration: -- Respiration in fishes -- Evolution of paired lungs -- Human respiratory system: -- From airways to alveoli -- How we breathe: -- Respiratory cycle -- Respiratory volumes -- Control of breathing -- Choking: a blocked airway -- Gas exchange and transport: -- Respiratory membrane -- Oxygen transport -- Carbon dioxide transport -- Respiratory adaptations -- High climbers -- Deep-sea divers -- Respiratory diseases and disorders: -- Interrupted breathing -- Lung diseases and disorders -- Smoking's impact -- Carbon monoxide: a stealthy poison (revisited). Digestion And Nutrition: -- Your microbial "organ" -- Animal digestive systems: -- Food processing tasks -- Sac or tube? -- Overview of the human digestive system -- Chewing and swallowing -- Food storage and digestion in the stomach -- Structure of the small intestine -- Digestion and absorption in the small intestine: -- Carbohydrate digestion and absorption -- Protein digestion and absorption -- Fat digestion and absorption -- Water absorption -- Large intestine -- Metabolism of absorbed organic compounds -- Vitamins, minerals, and phytochemicals -- What should you eat?: -- Fruits, vegetables, and whole grains -- Heart-healthy oils -- Lean meat and low-fat dairy -- Minimal added salt and sugar -- Maintaining a healthy weight: -- What is a healthy weight? -- Why is obesity unhealthy? -- Causes of obesity -- Your microbial "organ" (revisited) -- Maintaining The Internal Environment: -- Truth in a test tube -- Regulating fluid volume and composition: -- Fluid regulation in invertebrates -- Human urinary system: -- Organs of the urinary system -- Tubular structure of the kidneys -- Blood vessels of the kidneys -- How urine forms: -- Glomerular filtration -- Tubular reabsorption -- Tubular secretion -- Concentrating the filtrate -- Fluid homeostasis: -- Fluid volume and tonicity -- Acid-base balance -- When kidneys fail: -- Causes of kidney failure -- Treating kidney failure -- Heat gains and losses: -- How the core temperature can change -- Modes of thermoregulation -- Adaptations of heat or cold: -- Responses to cold -- Responses to heat -- Climate-related adaptations in humans -- Truth in a test tube (revisited) -- Animal reproductive Systems: -- Assisted reproduction -- Modes of animal reproduction: -- Asexual versus sexual reproduction -- Variations on sexual reproduction -- Organs of sexual reproduction: -- Gonads, ducts, and glands -- How gametes form -- Reproductive system of human females: -- Female gonads -- Reproductive ducts and accessory glands -- Egg production and release -- Female reproductive cycles: -- Menstrual cycle -- Estrous cycle -- Reproductive system of human males: -- Males gonads -- Reproductive ducts and accessory glands -- Germ cells to sperm cells -- Bringing gametes together: -- Sexual intercourse -- Sperm's journey -- Fertilization -- Contraception and infertility: -- Birth control options -- Infertility -- Sexually transmitted diseases: -- Trichomoniasis -- Bacterial STDs -- Viral STDs -- Assisted reproduction (revisited) -- Animal Development: -- Prenatal problems -- Stages of development -- From zygote to gastrula: -- Components of eggs and sperm -- Cleavage: the start of Multicellularity -- Gastrulation -- How specialized tissues and organs form: -- Cell differentiation -- Responses to morphogens -- Embryonic induction -- Apoptosis -- Cell migrations -- Evolutionary view of development: -- General model for animal development -- Development constraints and modifications -- Overview of human development -- Early human development -- Emergence of distinctly human features -- Structure and function of the placenta -- Labor and childbirth -- Milk: nourishment and protection: -- Prenatal problems (revisited) -- Animal Behavior: -- Can you hear me now? -- Behavioral genetics: -- Genetic variation within a species -- Genetic variation among species -- Human behavior genetics -- Instinct and learning: -- Instinctive behavior -- Time-sensitive learning -- Conditioned responses -- Other types of learned behavior -- Environmental effects on behavioral traits: -- Behavioral plasticity -- Epigenetic effects -- Movements and navigation: -- Taxis and kinesis -- Migration -- Communication signals: -- Evolution of animal communication -- Types of signals -- Eavesdroppers and counterfeiters -- Mates, offspring, and reproductive success: -- Mating systems -- Parental care -- Group living: -- Benefits of grouping -- Costs of grouping -- Why sacrifice yourself?: -- Eusocial insects -- Eusocial mole rats -- Evolution of altruism -- Can you hear me now? (revisited) -- Unit 7: Principles Of Ecology: -- Population Ecology: -- Honking mess -- Population demographics: -- Population size -- Population density and distribution -- Age structure -- Effects of scale and timing -- Population size and exponential growth: -- Immigration and emigration -- Population size and exponential growth: -- Immigration and emigration -- Zero to exponential growth -- Biotic potential -- Limits on population growth: -- Density-dependent factors -- Logistic growth -- Density-independent factors -- Life history patterns: -- Quantifying life history traits -- Environmental effects on life history -- Effects of predation on life history: -- Long-term study of guppies -- Overfishing of Atlantic cod -- Human population growth: -- Early innovations and expansions -- From the industrial revolution onward -- Anticipated growth and consumption: -- Fertility and age structure -- Demographic transition -- Resource consumption -- Honking mess (revisited) -- Community Ecology: -- Fighting foreign fire ants -- What factors shape community structure? -- Mutualism -- Competitive interactions: -- Effects of competition -- Resource partitioning -- Predator-prey interactions: -- Models for predator: prey interactions -- Cyclic changes in abundance -- Evolutionary arms races: -- Coevolution of predators and prey -- Coevolution of herbivores and plants -- Parasites and parasitoids: -- Parasitism -- Brood parasite: strangers in the nest -- Parasitoids -- Biological pest controls -- Ecological succession: -- Successional change -- Factors that influence succession -- Species introduction, loss, and other disturbances: -- Role of keystone species -- Adapting to disturbance -- Species introductions -- Biogeographic patterns in community structure: -- Latitudinal patterns -- Island patterns -- Fighting foreign fire ants (revisited) -- Ecosystems: -- Too much of a good thing -- Nature of ecosystems: -- Overview of the participant -- Tropic structure of ecosystems -- Nature of food webs: -- How many transfers? -- Energy flow: -- Primary production -- Ecological pyramids -- Ecological efficiency -- Biogeochemical cycles -- Water cycle: -- How and where water moves -- Limited fresh water -- Carbon cycle: -- Terrestrial carbon cycle -- Marine carbon cycle -- Carbon in fossil fuels -- Greenhouse gases and climate change: -- Greenhouse effect -- Changing carbon dioxide concentrations -- Changing climate -- Nitrogen cycle: -- Reactions that drive the cycle -- Human effects on the cycle -- Phosphorus cycle -- Too much of a good thing (revisited) -- Biosphere: -- Going with the flow -- Global air circulation patterns: -- Seasonal effects -- Air circulation and rainfall -- Surface wind patterns -- Ocean, landforms, and climates: -- Ocean currents and their effects -- Regional effects -- El Nino southern oscillation -- Biomes: -- Differences between biomes -- Similarities within a biome -- Deserts: -- Desert locations and conditions -- Adaptations to desert life -- Crust community -- Grasslands: -- Temperate prairies -- Tropical savannas -- Dry shrublands and woodlands -- Broadleaf forests -- Semi-evergreen and deciduous forest -- Tropical rain forests -- Coniferous forests -- Tundra: -- Arctic tundra -- Alpine tundra -- Freshwater ecosystems: -- Lakes -- Streams and rivers -- Coastal ecosystems: -- Estuaries: where fresh and saltwater meet -- Rocky and sandy coastlines -- Coral reefs -- Open ocean: -- Pelagic ecosystems -- Seafloor -- Going with the flow (revisited) -- Human Impacts On The Biosphere: -- Long reach -- Extinction crisis: -- Mass extinction -- Sixth great mass extinction -- Current diversity and threats: -- Causes of species declines -- Unknown losses -- Harmful land use practices: -- Desertification -- Deforestation -- Pollutants: -- Acid rain -- Biological accumulation and magnification -- Talking trash -- Ozone depletion and pollution: -- Depletion of the ozone layer -- Near-ground ozone pollution -- Effects of global climate change -- Conservation biology: -- Value of biodiversity -- Setting priorities -- Preservation and restoration -- Reducing negative impacts: -- Long reach (revisited) -- Appendix 1: Periodic table of the elements -- Appendix 2: Amino acids -- Appendix 3: Closer look at some major metabolic pathways -- Appendix 4: Plain English map of the human chromosomes -- Appendix 5: Restless earth: life's changing geological stage -- Appendix 6: Units of measure -- Appendix 7: Answers to self-quizzes and genetics problems.

Summary: Overview: Respected and loved by students and professors alike, Biology: The Unity And Diversity Of Life, Fourteenth Edition presents the key concepts and applications of biology in an engaging, logical, and clear manner. Known for its superior writing and visually effective art program, this best-selling book provides students with one of the most readable and engaging introductions to biology in print. Respected for the way it maintains scientific accuracy while it presents information at an appropriate level for today's undergraduate non-majors, the book has been thoroughly updated to reflect the latest research in biology.

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Holdings
Item type	Current library	Collection	Call number	Status	Date due	Barcode
General Books	CUTN Central Library Sciences	Non-fiction	574 STA (Browse shelf(Opens below))	Available		43415

Introduction: --
Invitation To Biology: --
Secret life of earth --
Life is more than the sum of its parts --
How living things are alike: --
Organisms require energy and nutrients --
Organisms sense and respond to change --
Organisms use DNA --
How living things differ --
Organizing information about species: --
Rose by any other name --
Science of nature: --
Thinking about thinking --
Scientific method --
Examples of experiments in biology: --
Potato chips and stomachaches --
Butterflies and birds --
Analyzing experimental results: --
Sampling error --
Bias in interpreting results --
Nature of science: --
Limits of science --
Secret life of earth (revisited) --
Unit 1: Principles Of Cellular Life: --
Life's Chemical Basis: --
Mercury rising --
Start with atoms: --
Isotopes and radioisotopes --
Why electrons matter: --
About vacancies --
Chemical bonds: from atoms to molecules: --
Ionic bonds --
Covalent bonds --
Hydrogen bonds and water: --
Hydrogen bonding in water --
Water's special properties --
Acids and bases --
Mercury rising (revisited) --
Molecules Of Life: --
Fear of frying --
Organic molecules --
Carbon: the stuff of life --
Modeling organic molecules --
Molecules of life: from structure to function: --
Functional groups --
What cells do to organic compounds --
Carbohydrates --
Carbohydrates in biological systems --
Lipids: --
Lipids in biological systems --
Proteins --
Why is protein structure so important? --
Nucleic acids --
Fear of frying (revisited) --
Cell Structure: --
Food for thought --
What is a cell: --
Cell theory --
Components of all cells --
Constraints on cell size --
How do we see cells? --
Introducing prokaryotes: --
Biofilms --
Introducing eukaryotic cells --
Nucleus: --
Chromatin --
Nuclear envelope --
Nucleolus --
Endomembrane system --
Mitochondria --
Chloroplasts and other plastids --
Cytoskeleton --
Cell surface specializations: --
Cell matrices --
Cell junctions --
Nature of life --
Food for thought (revisited) --
Ground Rules Of Metabolism: --
Toast to alcohol dehydrogenase --
Energy in the world of life: --
Energy disperses --
Energy's one-way flow --
Energy in the molecules of life: --
Chemical bond energy --
Why earth does not go up in flames --
Energy in, energy out --
How enzymes work: --
Need for speed --
Transition state --
Enzyme activity --
Metabolism: organized, enzyme-mediated reactions: --
Controls over metabolism --
Electron transfers --
Cofactors in metabolic pathways: --
ATP: a special coenzyme --
Closer look at cell membranes: --
Fluid mosaic model --
Proteins add function --
Diffusion and membranes: --
Semipermeable membranes --
Turgor --
Membrane transport mechanism: --
Transport protein specificity --
Facilitated diffusion --
Active transport Membrane trafficking: --
Endocytosis and exocytosis --
Recycling membrane --
Toast to alcohol dehydrogenase (revisited) --
Where It Starts: Photosynthesis: --
Biofuels --
Sunlight as an energy source: --
Properties of light --
Pigments: the rainbow catchers --
Exploring the rainbow --
Overview of photosynthesis --
Light-dependent reactions: --
Noncyclic pathway --
Cyclic pathway --
Light-independent reactions: --
Energy flow in photosynthesis --
Light-independent reactions --
Adaptations: alternative carbon-fixing pathways --
Biofuels (revisited) --
How Cells Release Chemical Energy: --
Risky business --
Overview of carbohydrate breakdown pathways --
Glycolysis: sugar breakdown begins --
Second state of aerobic respiration: --
Acetyl-CoA formation --
Krebs cycle --
Aerobic respiration's big energy payoff --
Fermentation --
Alternative energy sources in food: --
Energy from dietary molecules --
Risky business (revisited) --
Unit 2: Genetics: --
DNA Structure And Function: --
Hero dog's golden clones --
Discovery of DNA's function --
Discovery of DNA's structure: --
Building blocks of DNA --
DNA's base sequence --
Eukaryotic chromosomes: --
Chromosome number and type --
DNA replication --
Mutations: cause and effect: --
Replication errors --
Agents of DNA damage --
Rosalind Franklin, X-rays, and cancer --
Cloning adult animals --
Hero dog's golden clines (revisited) --
From DNA To Protein: --
Ricin, RIP --
DNA, RNA, and gene expression: --
DNA to RNA --
RNA to protein --
Transcription: DNA to RHA: --
Post-transcriptional modifications --
RNA and the genetic code --
Translation: RNA to protein --
Mutated genes and their protein products --
Ricin, RIP (revisited) --
Control Of Gene Expression: --
Between you and eternity --
Switching genes on and off: --
Gene expression control --
Master genes: --
Homeotic genes --
Examples of gene control in eukaryotes: --
X marks the spot --
Male sex determination in humans --
Flower formation --
Examples of gene control in prokaryotes: --
Iac operon --
Lactose intolerance --
Riboswitches --
Epigenetics --
Between you and eternity (revisited) --
How Cells Reproduce: --
Henrietta's immortal cells --
Multiplication by division: --
Controls over the cell cycle --
Closer look at mitosis --
Cytokinesis: division of cytoplasm --
Marking time with telomeres --
When mitosis becomes pathological: --
Cancer --
Henrietta's immortal cells (revisited) --
Meiosis And Sexual Reproduction: --
Why sex? --
Meiosis in sexual reproduction: --
Introducing alleles --
Meiosis halves the chromosome number --
Fertilization restores chromosome number --
Visual tour of meiosis --
How meiosis introduces variations in traits: --
Crossing over --
Chromosome segregation --
Mitosis and meiosis: an ancestral connection? --
Why sex? (revisited) --
Observing Patterns In Inherited Traits: --
Menacing mucus --
Mendel, pea plants, and inheritance patterns: --
Mendel's experiments --
Inheritance in modern terms --
Mendel's law of segregation --
Mendel's law of independent assortment: --
Contribution of crossovers --
Beyond simple dominance: --
Codominance --
Incomplete dominance --
Epistasis --
Pleiotropy --
Nature and nurture: --
Some environmental effects --
Complex variation in traits: --
Continuous variation --
Menacing mucus (revisited) --
Chromosome An Human Inheritance: --
Shades of skin --
Human chromosome: --
Types of genetic variation --
Examples of autosomal inheritance patterns: --
Autosomal dominant pattern --
Autosomal recessive pattern --
Examples of X-linked inheritance patterns: --
X-linked recessive pattern --
Heritable changes in chromosome structure: --
Types of chromosomal change --
Chromosome changes in evolution --
Heritable changes in chromosome number: --
Autosomal aneuploidy and down syndrome --
Sex chromosome aneuploidy --
Genetic screening --
Shades of skin (revisited) --
Studying And Manipulating Genomes: --
Personal genetic testing --
Cloning DNA: --
Cut and paste --
cDNA cloning --
Isolating Genes: --
DNA libraries --
PCR --
DNA sequencing: --
Human genome project --
Genomics: --
DNA profiling --
Genetic engineering --
Designer plants--
Biotech barnyards: --
Knockouts and organ factories --
Safety issues --
Genetically modified humans: --
Gene therapy --
Eugenics --
Personal genetic testing (revisited). Unit 3: Principles Of Evolution: --
Evidence Of Evolution: --
Reflections of a distant past --
Early beliefs, confounding discoveries --
Flurry of new theories: --
Squeezing new evidence into old beliefs --
Darwin and the HMS beagle --
Darwin, Wallace, and natural selection: --
Key insight: variation in traits --
Great minds think alike --
Fossils: evidence of ancient life: --
Fossil record --
Filling in pieces of the puzzle: --
Radiometric dating --
Missing links --
Drifting continents, changing seas --
Putting time into perspective --
Reflections of a distant past (revisited) --
Processes Of Evolution: --
Superbug farms --
Individuals don't evolve, populations do: --
Alleles in populations --
Evolutionary view of mutations --
Allele frequencies --
Genetic equilibrium: --
Applying the Hardy-Weinberg Law --
Real-world situations --
Patterns of natural selection --
Directional selection: --
Examples of directional selection --
Stabilizing and disruptive selection: --
Stabilizing selection --
Disruptive selection --
Fostering diversity: --
Survival of the sexiest --
Maintaining multiple alleles --
Genetic drift and gene flow: --
Genetic drift --
Bottlenecks and the founder effect --
Gene flow --
Reproductive isolation --
Allopatric speciation: --
Speciation in archipelagos --
Other speciation models: --
Sympatric speciation --
Parapatric speciation --
Macroevolution: --
Evolutionary theory --
Superbug farms (revisited) --
Organizing Information About Species: --
Bye bye birdies --
Phylogeny: --
Cladistics --
Comparing form and function: --
Morphological divergence --
Morphological convergence --
Comparing biochemistry: --
DNA and protein sequence comparison --
Comparing patterns of animal development --
Applications of phylogeny research: --
Conservation biology --
Medical research --
Bye bye birdie (revisited) --
Life's Origin And Early Evolution: --
Looking for life --
Early earth: --
Origin of the universe and earth --
Conditions of the early earth --
Organic monomers form: --
Organic molecules from inorganic precursors --
Sources of life's first building blocks --
From polymers to protocells: --
Properties of cells --
Origin of metabolism --
Origin of the genome --
Origin of the plasma membrane --
Life's early evolution: --
Common ancestor of all life --
Looking for evidence of early life --
Oldest fossil cells --
Changes in the air --
Rise of the eukaryotes --
Origin and evolution of eukaryote: --
Origin of the nucleus --
Origin of mitochondria and chloroplasts --
Eukaryotic divergence --
Time line for life's origin and evolution --
Looking for life (revisited) --
Unit 4: Evolution And Biodiversity: --
Viruses Bacteria, And Archaea: --
Evolution of a disease --
Viruses and Viroids: --
Viral structure --
Origin and ecological role of viruses --
Viroids --
Viral replication: --
Overview of viral replication --
Bacteriophage replication --
Replication of HIV --
Viruses as human pathogens: --
Threat of infectious disease --
Common viral diseases --
Emerging viral diseases --
Viral mutation and reassortment --
Shared traits of prokaryotes: --
Structural traits --
Reproduction and gene transfers --
Factors in the success of prokaryotes: --
Diverse modes of nutrition --
Aerobes and anaerobes --
Dormant resting structures --
Investigating species diversity --
Sample of bacterial diversity --
Heat lovers --
Oxygen-producing cyanobacteria --
Highly diverse Proteobacteria --
Thick-walled, gram-positive bacteria --
Tiny spirochetes and chlamydias --
Archaea: --
Discovery of the third domain --
Here, there, everywhere --
Evolution of a disease (revisited) --
Protists: The Simplest Eukaryotes: --
Malaria: from Tutankhamun to today --
Collection of lineages: --
Classification and phylogeny --
Cells, colonies, and multicellular organisms --
Modes of nutrition --
Diverse life cycles --
Flagellated protozoans: --
Anaerobic Flagellates --
Trypanosomes and other kinetoplastids --
Euglenoids --
Foraminifera and radiolarians --
Ciliates --
Dinoflagellates --
Apicomplexans --
Stramenoplies: --
Diatoms --
Brown algae --
Water molds --
Red algae and green algae: --
Red algae --
Green algae --
Amoebozoans and Choanoflagellates: --
Amoebozoans --
Choanoflagellates --
Malaria: from Tutankhamun to today (revisited) --
Land Plants: --
Saving seeds --
Plant ancestry and diversity: --
From algal ancestors to embryophytes --
Adaptive radiation on land --
Evolutionary trends among plants --
From haploid to diploid dominance --
Structural adaptations --
Pollen and seeds --
Bryophytes: --
Mosses --
Liverworts --
Hornworts --
Seedless vascular plants: --
Club mosses --
Whisk ferns and horsetails --
Ferns --
History of the vascular plants: --
From tiny branchers to coal forests --
Rise of the seed plants --
Gymnosperms: --
Conifers --
Lesser-known lineages --
Angiosperms: the flowering plants: --
Angiosperm life cycle --
Factors contributing to angiosperm success --
Angiosperm diversity and importance: --
Angiosperm lineages --
Ecological and economic importance --
Saving seeds (revisited) --
Fungi: --
High-flying fungi --
Fungal traits and classification: --
Structure and function --
Life cycles --
Flagellated fungi --
Zygote fungi and related groups: --
Zygote fungi --
Microsporidia: intracellular parasites --
Glomeromycetes: partners of plants --
Sac fungi: Ascomycetes: --
Life cycles --
Diversity --
Human uses of sac fungi --
Club fungi: basidiomycetes: --
Life cycle --
Ecology --
Ecological roles of fungi: --
Fungi as decomposers --
Fungal partnerships --
Fungal parasites and pathogens --
High-flying fungi (revisited) --
Animal Evolution: The Invertebrates: --
Medicines from the sea --
Animal traits and body plans: --
What is an animal? --
Variation in animal body plans --
Animal origins and adaptive radiation: --
Colonial origins --
Early animals --
Cambrian explosion --
Sponges --
Cnidarians: predators with stinging cells: --
Body plans --
Diversity and life cycles --
Flatworms: simple organ systems: --
Free-living flatworms --
Parasitic flatworms --
Annelids: segmented worms: --
Marine polychaetes --
Leeches: bloodsuckers and others --
Earthworm: an oligochaete --
Mollusks: animals with a mantle: --
General characteristics --
Mollusk diversity --
Rotifers and tardigrades: tiny and tough --
Roundworms: unsegmented worms that molt --
Arthropods: molting animals with jointed legs: --
Key arthropod adaptations --
Chelicerates: spiders and their relatives --
Myriapods --
Crustaceans --
Insects: diverse and abundant: --
Characteristic features --
Importance of insects --
Spiny-skinned echinoderms: --
Protostome-deuterostome split --
Echinoderm characteristics and body plan --
Echinoderm diversity --
Medicines from the sea (revisited) --
Animal Evolution: The Chordates: --
Very early birds --
Chordate traits and evolutionary trends: --
Chordate characteristics --
Invertebrate chordates --
Overview of chordate evolution --
Jawless fishes --
Evolution of jawed fishes --
Modern jawed fishes: --
Cartilaginous fishes --
Bony fishes --
Amphibians: first tetrapods on land: --
Adapting to life on land --
Modern amphibians --
Declining diversity --
Amniote evolution --
Nonbird reptiles --
Birds: the feathered ones: --
General characteristics --
Avian diversity --
Mammals: milk makers: --
Mammalian traits --
Mammalian origins and diversification --
Modern mammalian diversity: --
Egg-laying monotremes --
Marsupials --
Placental mammals --
Very early birds (revisited). Human Evolution: --
Bit of a Neanderthal --
Primates: our order: --
Primate characteristics --
Origins and early branchings --
Apes: --
Hominoid origins and divergences --
Modern apes --
Human-ape comparison --
Rise of the hominins: --
Early proposed hominins: --
Australopiths --
Factors favoring bipedalism --
Early humans: --
Classifying fossils: lumpers and splitters --
Homo habilis --
Homo erectus --
Early culture --
Recent human lineages: --
Origin and dispersal of homo sapiens --
Other recent homo species --
Bit of a Neanderthal (revisited) --
Unit 5: How Plants Work: --
Plant Tissues: --
Carbon sequestration --
Plant body --
Plant tissues --
Stems: --
Internal structure --
Variations on a stem --
Leaves: --
Internal structure --
Roots: --
Internal structure --
Primary growth: --
Primary growth in shoots --
Primary growth in roots --
Secondary growth --
Tree rings and old secrets --
Carbon sequestration (revisited) --
Plant Nutrition And Transport: --
Leafy cleanup --
Plant nutrients and availability in soil: --
Properties of soil --
How soils change --
Roots adaptations for nutrient uptake: --
Function of endodermis --
Mutualisms --
Water movement inside plants: --
Cohesion-tension theory --
Water-conserving adaptations of stems and leaves: --
How stomate work --
Movement of organic compounds in plants --
Leafy cleanup (revisited) --
Life Cycles Of Flowering Plants: --
Plight of the honeybee --
Reproductive structures: --
Diversity of floral structure --
Flowers and their pollinators --
New generation begins --
Flower sex --
Seed formation --
Fruits --
Early development: --
Breaking dormancy --
After germination --
Asexual reproduction of flowering plants: --
Agricultural applications --
Plight of the honeybee (revisited) --
Communication Strategies In Plants: --
Prescription: chocolate --
Introduction to plant hormones: --
Chemical signaling in plants --
Auxin: the master growth hormone: --
Polar transport --
Cytokinin --
Gibberellin --
Abscisic acid --
Ethylene --
Tropisms --
Sensing recurring environmental change: --
Daily change --
Seasonal change --
Responses to stress: --
Prescription: chocolate (revisited) --
Unit 6: How Animals Work: --
Animal Tissues And Organ Systems: --
Stem cells-it's all about potential --
Organization of animal bodies: --
Levels or organization --
Internal environment --
Evolution of animal structure --
Epithelial tissue: --
General characteristics --
Variations in structure and function --
Epithelial cell secretions --
Carcinomas: epithelial cell cancers --
Connective tissues: --
General characteristics --
Types of connective tissue --
Muscle tissues: --
Skeletal muscle tissue --
Cardiac muscle tissue --
Smooth muscle tissue --
Nervous tissue --
Organ systems --
Human integumentary system: --
Structure of human skin --
Evolution and human skin --
Negative feedback in homeostasis --
Stem cells: it's all about potential (revisited) --
Neural Control: --
Impacts of concussion --
Evolution of nervous systems: --
Nerve net --
Getting a head --
Vertebrate nervous system --
Neurons: the great communicators --
Membrane potential --
Actin potential: --
Graded potentials and reaching threshold --
All-or-nothing spike --
Propagation of an action potential --
How neurons send messages to other cells: --
Synapse --
Cleaning the cleft --
Synaptic integration --
Neurons' chemical signals: --
Chemically disrupting signaling --
Peripheral nervous system: --
Nerve structure --
Functional divisions --
Spinal cord: --
Information highway --
Reflex pathways --
Interrupted spinal signaling --
Vertebrate brain: --
Brain development and evolution --
Ventricles and the blood-brain barrier --
Human brain --
Human cerebral cortex --
Emotion and memory: --
Emotional brain --
Making memories --
Neuroglia: the neurons' support staff: --
Types and functions of neuroglia --
Brain tumors --
Impacts of concussions (revisited) --
Sensory Perception: --
Bionic senses --
Overview of sensory pathways: --
Sensory diversity --
From sensing to sensation to perception --
Somatic and visceral sensations: --
Somatosensory cortex --
Pain --
Chemical senses: --
Sense of smell --
Sense of taste --
Pheromones: chemical messages --
Diversity of visual system: --
Requirements for vison --
Closer look at the human eye: --
Anatomy of the eye --
Focusing mechanisms --
Light reception and visual processing --
Visual disorders --
Vertebrate hearing: --
Properties of sound --
Vertebrate ear --
Organs of equilibrium --
Bionic senses (revisited) --
Endocrine Control: --
Hormones in the balance --
Vertebrate endocrine system: --
Mechanisms of intercellular signaling --
Discovery of hormones --
Neuroendocrine interactions --
Nature of hormone action: --
Categories of hormones --
Receptor function and diversity --
Hypothalamus and pituitary gland: --
Posterior pituitary function --
Anterior pituitary function --
Growth hormone function and disorders --
Sources and effects of other vertebrate hormones --
Thyroid and parathyroid glands: --
Feedback control of thyroid function --
Thyroid disorders --
Thyroid disruptors --
Parathyroid glands --
Pancreatic hormones: --
Regulation of blood sugar --
Diabetes --
Adrenal glands: --
Adrenal cortex --
Adrenal medulla --
Stress, elevated cortisol, and health --
Cortisol deficiency --
Gonads --
Pineal gland --
Thymus --
Invertebrate hormones: --
Evolution of hormone diversity --
Hormones and molting --
Hormones in the balance (revisited) --
Structural Support And Movement: --
Muscles and myostatin --
Animal movement --
Vertebrate endoskeleton: --
Invertebrate skeletons --
Vertebrate endoskeleton --
Bone structure and function: --
Bone anatomy --
Bone formation and remodeling --
Where bones meet --
Bone and joint health --
Skeletal muscle function --
How muscle contracts: --
Structure of skeletal muscle --
Sliding-filament model --
Nervous control of muscle contraction: --
Nervous control of contraction --
Motor units and muscle tension --
Disrupted control of skeletal muscle --
Muscle metabolism: --
Energy-releasing pathways --
Types of muscle fibers --
Effects of exercise and inactivity --
Muscles and myostatin (revisited) --
Circulation: --
Shocking save --
Circulatory systems: --
Open and closed circulatory systems --
Evolution of vertebrate circulation --
Human cardiovascular system: --
Pulmonary circuit --
Systemic circuit --
Human heart: --
Cardiac cycle --
Setting the pace for contraction --
Vertebrate blood: --
Plasma --
Cellular components --
Arteries and arterioles: --
Rapid transport in arteries --
Adjusting flow at arterioles --
Blood pressure --
Exchanges at capillaries --
Back to the heart --
Blood and cardiovascular disorders: --
Altered blood cell count --
Cardiovascular disease --
Interactions with the Lymphatic system: --
Lymphoid vascular system --
Lymphoid organs and tissues --
Shocking save (revisited) --
Immunity: --
Frankie's last wish --
Integrated responses to threats: --
Three lines of defense --
Defenders --
Surface barriers: --
Normal flora --
Barriers to infection --
Triggering innate defenses: --
Complement --
Phagocytic leukocytes --
Inflammation and fever: --
Inflammation --
Fever --
Antigen receptors: --
Antigen receptor diversity --
Overview of adaptive immunity: --
Two arms of adaptive immunity --
Antigen processing --
Antibody-mediated immune response: --
Antibodies and ABO blood typing --
Cell-mediated immune response: --
Cytotoxic T cells: activation and action --
Role of natural killer (NK) cells --
When immunity goes wrong: --
Allergies --
Overly vigorous responses --
Autoimmune disorders --
Immunodeficiency --
HIV and AIDS: --
HIV revisited --
Vaccines: --
Progress on an HIV vaccine --
Frankie's last wish (revisited) --
Respiration: --
Carbon monoxide: a stealthy poison --
Nature of respiration: --
Gas exchanges --
Factors affecting gas exchange --
Respiratory medium: air or water? --
Invertebrate respiration: --
Respiration in damp or aquatic habitats --
Respiratory adaptation to life on land --
Vertebrate respiration: --
Respiration in fishes --
Evolution of paired lungs --
Human respiratory system: --
From airways to alveoli --
How we breathe: --
Respiratory cycle --
Respiratory volumes --
Control of breathing --
Choking: a blocked airway --
Gas exchange and transport: --
Respiratory membrane --
Oxygen transport --
Carbon dioxide transport --
Respiratory adaptations --
High climbers --
Deep-sea divers --
Respiratory diseases and disorders: --
Interrupted breathing --
Lung diseases and disorders --
Smoking's impact --
Carbon monoxide: a stealthy poison (revisited). Digestion And Nutrition: --
Your microbial "organ" --
Animal digestive systems: --
Food processing tasks --
Sac or tube? --
Overview of the human digestive system --
Chewing and swallowing --
Food storage and digestion in the stomach --
Structure of the small intestine --
Digestion and absorption in the small intestine: --
Carbohydrate digestion and absorption --
Protein digestion and absorption --
Fat digestion and absorption --
Water absorption --
Large intestine --
Metabolism of absorbed organic compounds --
Vitamins, minerals, and phytochemicals --
What should you eat?: --
Fruits, vegetables, and whole grains --
Heart-healthy oils --
Lean meat and low-fat dairy --
Minimal added salt and sugar --
Maintaining a healthy weight: --
What is a healthy weight? --
Why is obesity unhealthy? --
Causes of obesity --
Your microbial "organ" (revisited) --
Maintaining The Internal Environment: --
Truth in a test tube --
Regulating fluid volume and composition: --
Fluid regulation in invertebrates --
Human urinary system: --
Organs of the urinary system --
Tubular structure of the kidneys --
Blood vessels of the kidneys --
How urine forms: --
Glomerular filtration --
Tubular reabsorption --
Tubular secretion --
Concentrating the filtrate --
Fluid homeostasis: --
Fluid volume and tonicity --
Acid-base balance --
When kidneys fail: --
Causes of kidney failure --
Treating kidney failure --
Heat gains and losses: --
How the core temperature can change --
Modes of thermoregulation --
Adaptations of heat or cold: --
Responses to cold --
Responses to heat --
Climate-related adaptations in humans --
Truth in a test tube (revisited) --
Animal reproductive Systems: --
Assisted reproduction --
Modes of animal reproduction: --
Asexual versus sexual reproduction --
Variations on sexual reproduction --
Organs of sexual reproduction: --
Gonads, ducts, and glands --
How gametes form --
Reproductive system of human females: --
Female gonads --
Reproductive ducts and accessory glands --
Egg production and release --
Female reproductive cycles: --
Menstrual cycle --
Estrous cycle --
Reproductive system of human males: --
Males gonads --
Reproductive ducts and accessory glands --
Germ cells to sperm cells --
Bringing gametes together: --
Sexual intercourse --
Sperm's journey --
Fertilization --
Contraception and infertility: --
Birth control options --
Infertility --
Sexually transmitted diseases: --
Trichomoniasis --
Bacterial STDs --
Viral STDs --
Assisted reproduction (revisited) --
Animal Development: --
Prenatal problems --
Stages of development --
From zygote to gastrula: --
Components of eggs and sperm --
Cleavage: the start of Multicellularity --
Gastrulation --
How specialized tissues and organs form: --
Cell differentiation --
Responses to morphogens --
Embryonic induction --
Apoptosis --
Cell migrations --
Evolutionary view of development: --
General model for animal development --
Development constraints and modifications --
Overview of human development --
Early human development --
Emergence of distinctly human features --
Structure and function of the placenta --
Labor and childbirth --
Milk: nourishment and protection: --
Prenatal problems (revisited) --
Animal Behavior: --
Can you hear me now? --
Behavioral genetics: --
Genetic variation within a species --
Genetic variation among species --
Human behavior genetics --
Instinct and learning: --
Instinctive behavior --
Time-sensitive learning --
Conditioned responses --
Other types of learned behavior --
Environmental effects on behavioral traits: --
Behavioral plasticity --
Epigenetic effects --
Movements and navigation: --
Taxis and kinesis --
Migration --
Communication signals: --
Evolution of animal communication --
Types of signals --
Eavesdroppers and counterfeiters --
Mates, offspring, and reproductive success: --
Mating systems --
Parental care --
Group living: --
Benefits of grouping --
Costs of grouping --
Why sacrifice yourself?: --
Eusocial insects --
Eusocial mole rats --
Evolution of altruism --
Can you hear me now? (revisited) --
Unit 7: Principles Of Ecology: --
Population Ecology: --
Honking mess --
Population demographics: --
Population size --
Population density and distribution --
Age structure --
Effects of scale and timing --
Population size and exponential growth: --
Immigration and emigration --
Population size and exponential growth: --
Immigration and emigration --
Zero to exponential growth --
Biotic potential --
Limits on population growth: --
Density-dependent factors --
Logistic growth --
Density-independent factors --
Life history patterns: --
Quantifying life history traits --
Environmental effects on life history --
Effects of predation on life history: --
Long-term study of guppies --
Overfishing of Atlantic cod --
Human population growth: --
Early innovations and expansions --
From the industrial revolution onward --
Anticipated growth and consumption: --
Fertility and age structure --
Demographic transition --
Resource consumption --
Honking mess (revisited) --
Community Ecology: --
Fighting foreign fire ants --
What factors shape community structure? --
Mutualism --
Competitive interactions: --
Effects of competition --
Resource partitioning --
Predator-prey interactions: --
Models for predator: prey interactions --
Cyclic changes in abundance --
Evolutionary arms races: --
Coevolution of predators and prey --
Coevolution of herbivores and plants --
Parasites and parasitoids: --
Parasitism --
Brood parasite: strangers in the nest --
Parasitoids --
Biological pest controls --
Ecological succession: --
Successional change --
Factors that influence succession --
Species introduction, loss, and other disturbances: --
Role of keystone species --
Adapting to disturbance --
Species introductions --
Biogeographic patterns in community structure: --
Latitudinal patterns --
Island patterns --
Fighting foreign fire ants (revisited) --
Ecosystems: --
Too much of a good thing --
Nature of ecosystems: --
Overview of the participant --
Tropic structure of ecosystems --
Nature of food webs: --
How many transfers? --
Energy flow: --
Primary production --
Ecological pyramids --
Ecological efficiency --
Biogeochemical cycles --
Water cycle: --
How and where water moves --
Limited fresh water --
Carbon cycle: --
Terrestrial carbon cycle --
Marine carbon cycle --
Carbon in fossil fuels --
Greenhouse gases and climate change: --
Greenhouse effect --
Changing carbon dioxide concentrations --
Changing climate --
Nitrogen cycle: --
Reactions that drive the cycle --
Human effects on the cycle --
Phosphorus cycle --
Too much of a good thing (revisited) --
Biosphere: --
Going with the flow --
Global air circulation patterns: --
Seasonal effects --
Air circulation and rainfall --
Surface wind patterns --
Ocean, landforms, and climates: --
Ocean currents and their effects --
Regional effects --
El Nino southern oscillation --
Biomes: --
Differences between biomes --
Similarities within a biome --
Deserts: --
Desert locations and conditions --
Adaptations to desert life --
Crust community --
Grasslands: --
Temperate prairies --
Tropical savannas --
Dry shrublands and woodlands --
Broadleaf forests --
Semi-evergreen and deciduous forest --
Tropical rain forests --
Coniferous forests --
Tundra: --
Arctic tundra --
Alpine tundra --
Freshwater ecosystems: --
Lakes --
Streams and rivers --
Coastal ecosystems: --
Estuaries: where fresh and saltwater meet --
Rocky and sandy coastlines --
Coral reefs --
Open ocean: --
Pelagic ecosystems --
Seafloor --
Going with the flow (revisited) --
Human Impacts On The Biosphere: --
Long reach --
Extinction crisis: --
Mass extinction --
Sixth great mass extinction --
Current diversity and threats: --
Causes of species declines --
Unknown losses --
Harmful land use practices: --
Desertification --
Deforestation --
Pollutants: --
Acid rain --
Biological accumulation and magnification --
Talking trash --
Ozone depletion and pollution: --
Depletion of the ozone layer --
Near-ground ozone pollution --
Effects of global climate change --
Conservation biology: --
Value of biodiversity --
Setting priorities --
Preservation and restoration --
Reducing negative impacts: --
Long reach (revisited) --
Appendix 1: Periodic table of the elements --
Appendix 2: Amino acids --
Appendix 3: Closer look at some major metabolic pathways --
Appendix 4: Plain English map of the human chromosomes --
Appendix 5: Restless earth: life's changing geological stage --
Appendix 6: Units of measure --
Appendix 7: Answers to self-quizzes and genetics problems.

Overview: Respected and loved by students and professors alike, Biology: The Unity And Diversity Of Life, Fourteenth Edition presents the key concepts and applications of biology in an engaging, logical, and clear manner. Known for its superior writing and visually effective art program, this best-selling book provides students with one of the most readable and engaging introductions to biology in print. Respected for the way it maintains scientific accuracy while it presents information at an appropriate level for today's undergraduate non-majors, the book has been thoroughly updated to reflect the latest research in biology.

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