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| 020 | _a9789811224010 | ||
| 041 | _aEnglish | ||
| 082 |
_223 _a559.923 _bXIA |
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| 100 | _aXiao, Long. | ||
| 245 |
_aMars On Earth: _b A Study Of The Qaidam Basin / _cEdited By : Long Xiao. |
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| 260 |
_aNew Jersey : _bWorld Scientific, _c2022. |
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| 300 |
_axvii, 371 p. : _bIllu. (colour); |
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| 440 |
_aAdvances in Planetary Science- _vVol -5 |
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| 505 | _aTable of Content | ||
| 505 | _aPreface v | ||
| 505 | _aAbout the Editor vii | ||
| 505 | _aAbout the Contributors ix | ||
| 505 | _aAcknowledgments xi | ||
| 505 | _aChapter 1 Ways to Study Mars 1 Long Xiao 1.1 Introduction 1 1.2 Global Orbiting Survey 1 1.2.1 Composition 2 1.2.2 Geomorphology and topography 5 1.2.3 Interior 7 1.3 In Situ Exploration 8 1.4 Sample Return 10 1.5 Analog Study 11 1.5.1 The role of analogies 11 1.5.2 Terrestrial analogies in Martian geology 14 1.6 Martian Meteorites 15 1.7 Simulation 22 1.8 Summary 24 Acknowledgments 24 References 25 Mars on Earth Downloaded from www.worldscientific.com by CENTRAL UNIVERSITY OF TAMIL NADU on 08/24/23. Re-use and distribution is strictly not permitted, except for Open Access articles. xiv Contents | ||
| 505 | _aChapter 2 The Surface of Mars: An Overview 35 Long Xiao 2.1 Introduction 35 2.2 Endogenic Geomorphology 36 2.2.1 Tectonic features 36 2.2.2 Volcanic features 40 2.3 Exogenic Geomorphology 45 2.3.1 Water-related landforms 45 2.3.2 Wind and aeolian landforms 52 2.3.3 Ice and polar deposits 55 2.3.4 Impact cratering formed landforms 56 2.3.5 Mass wasting 57 2.4 Geological History 59 2.5 Summary 61 Acknowledgments 63 References 63 | ||
| 505 | _aChapter 3 The Qaidam Basin, NE Tibetan Plateau 71 Long Xiao, Jiang Wang, Yanan Dang, Jiannan Zhao and Mingjie Zhang 3.1 Introduction 71 3.2 Geological Setting 73 3.2.1 Stratigraphy 73 3.2.2 Structure 78 3.2.3 Geological history 81 3.3 Geographical and Geomorphological Features 82 3.3.1 Surrounding mountain ranges 82 3.3.2 Inside the basin 86 3.3.3 Water system and lakes 87 3.3.4 Playas and polygonal landforms 90 3.4 Wind Erosion and Aeolian Landform 93 3.4.1 Macroscale wind erosion features: Yardangs 94 3.4.2 Meso-micro-scale wind erosional features: Ventifacts and Tafoni 96 3.4.3 Sand Dunes 101 3.5 Plants in Deserts 102 3.6 Climate Environment 105 Acknowledgments 106 References 106 Mars on Earth Downloaded from www.worldscientific.com by CENTRAL UNIVERSITY OF TAMIL NADU on 08/24/23. Re-use and distribution is strictly not permitted, except for Open Access articles. Contents xv | ||
| 505 | _aChapter 4 Lakes 111 Jiannan Zhao and Ting Huang 4.1 Introduction 111 4.2 Paleolakes on Mars 112 4.2.1 Classification and distribution of Martian paleolakes 113 4.2.2 Martian paleolake morphology 116 4.2.3 Mineralogy of lake deposits 119 4.2.4 Age of Martian paleolakes 121 4.2.5 Origin of Martian paleolakes 122 4.3 Lakes and Playas in the Qaidam Basin 123 4.3.1 Lakes in the Qaidam Basin 124 4.3.2 Playas in the Qaidam Basin 137 4.4 Summary 145 Acknowledgments 147 References 148 | ||
| 505 | _aChapter 5 Aeolian Landforms 157 Jiang Wang, Jun Huang and Long Xiao 5.1 Introduction 157 5.2 Yardangs 158 5.2.1 Yardangs on Mars 158 5.2.2 Yardangs in the Qaidam Basin 164 5.2.3 Evolution of yardangs in the Qaidam Basin 171 5.2.4 Control factors of yardang morphology 175 5.3 Dunes 183 5.3.1 Dunes on Mars 183 5.3.2 Dunes in the Qaidam Basin 188 5.4 Summary 192 Acknowledgments 193 References 193 | ||
| 505 | _aChapter 6 Polygons 199 Yanan Dang, Long Xiao, and Yi Xu 6.1 Introduction 199 6.1.1 Thermal contraction polygon 200 6.1.2 Desiccation (Shrinkage) crack polygon 201 6.1.3 Lava polygon 201 6.1.4 Salt polygon 203 Mars on Earth Downloaded from www.worldscientific.com by CENTRAL UNIVERSITY OF TAMIL NADU on 08/24/23. Re-use and distribution is strictly not permitted, except for Open Access articles. xvi Contents 6.2 Polygonal Terrains on Mars 203 6.2.1 Distribution of salt polygons on Mars 206 6.2.2 Morphology of salt polygons on Mars 207 6.3 Polygonal Ground in the Qaidam Basin 212 6.3.1 Distribution of polygons in the Qaidam Basin 214 6.3.2 Morphology of salt polygons in the Qaidam Basin 214 6.3.3 Formation and evolution of salt polygons in the Qaidam Basin 217 6.4 Comparison of Salt Polygons in the Qaidam Basin and on Mars 224 6.4.1 Morphological observations 224 6.4.2 Clues for depositional environments on Mars 233 6.5 Implications for Martian Environmental and Climatic Change 234 6.5.1 Implications for climate change 234 6.5.2 Hydrology of lacustrine/playa environments on Mars and its implications for polygons formation 235 6.6 Summary 238 Acknowledgments 239 References 239 | ||
| 505 | _aChapter 7 Valleys 249 Jiannan Zhao, Yutong Shi, and Long Xiao 7.1 Introduction 249 7.2 Valleys | ||
| 505 | _aChapter 8 Gullies 275 Yutong Shi, Jiannan Zhao and Jiang Wang 8.1 Introduction 275 Mars on Earth Downloaded from www.worldscientific.com by CENTRAL UNIVERSITY OF TAMIL NADU on 08/24/23. Re-use and distribution is strictly not permitted, except for Open Access articles. Contents xvii 8.2 Gullies on Mars 276 8.2.1 Global distribution of Martian gullies 276 8.2.2 Martian gully morphology 278 8.2.3 Origin of Martian gullies 281 8.3 Gullies in the Qaidam Basin 284 8.3.1 Distribution and morphology of gullies in the Qaidam Basin 284 8.3.2 Origin of gullies in the Qaidam Basin 285 8.4 Summary 289 Acknowledgments 289 References 289 | ||
| 505 | _aChapter 9 Habitability and Astrobiological Significances 293 Ting Huang, Ziye Cheng, and Long Xiao 9.1 Introduction 293 9.2 Water on Mars 294 9.3 Organic Compounds Found on Mars 297 9.3.1 Organics in Martian meteorites 297 9.3.2 Organics detected by Mars missions 298 9.3.3 Methane in Mars atmosphere 300 9.4 Habitability Assessment of Mars Analog Sites 301 9.5 The Habitability of the Qaidam Basin 303 9.5.1 Microorganism studies of saline lakes and evaporative sediments in the Qaidam Basin 303 9.5.2 Lipids recovered from evaporites of the Qaidam Basin 311 9.6 The Astrobiological Implications from the Qaidam Basin 315 9.7 Summary 318 Acknowledgments 319 References 319 | ||
| 505 | _aIndex 329 | ||
| 650 | _a Mars , Earth, Astrobiological, Martian, paleolakes | ||
| 690 | _aGeology | ||
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