000			06118nam a2200337 4500
003			CUTN
005			20240220105621.0
008			700216s1967 ii c b 001 0 eng
020			_a9789389801507
025			_aPL480:I-E-10356
041			_aEnglish
082	0	0	_a336.340 _bRAI
100	0		_aRai, Lajpat.
100	0		_cLala, _d1865-1928.
245	1	0	_aEngland's debt to India : _ba historical narrative of Britain's fiscal policy in India / _cIntrod. by B. M. Bhatia.
260			_aNew Delhi : _bWave Books, _c2023.
300			_axlviii, 242 p. _bport. _c25 cm.
350			_a6.50
490	0		_aClassics of Indian history and economics
500			_a"This book is a kind of companion volume to my other book, 'Young India'."
504			_aBibliographical footnotes.
505			_tIndia Once War Rich. 3 Thornton’s “Description of Ancient India.” 4 India Reform Pamphlet. 6 The Observations of Mr. Torrcns, M. P., comparing India with Europe. 9 India Under the Mohammedans. 11 Raid of Tamerlane. 11 From 1206 to 1526 A.D. 12 Elphinstane on the General State of the Country. 13 Carsar Frederic and Ibn Batuta. 13 Abdurisag. 14 Baber. 14 Sher Shah. 14 Akbar. 15 Pietro del Valle. 16 Shah Jehan. 16 Aurangzeb and His Successors. 17 The Raid by Nadir Shah. 17 Pre-British Period. 18 Principal Political Divisions of the Country. 18 Tonjore and Arcot. 19 Mysore. 24 Northern India. 27 Bengal. 27 The Kingdom of Oude. 30 5. INDIA AND BRITISH INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION 46 Before Plassy 46 Effects of Plassy 55 The Second Administration of Lord Clive 63 After Clive 68 6. “TRIBUTE” OR “ DRAIN” 74 General Observations 74 Drain: the Case Against England 75 Drain: the Case for England. 85 Drain: Weighing the Evidence. 90 The Extent of the Drain 98 7. HOW INDIA HAS HELPED ENGLAND MAKE HER EMPIRE 112 India and “The Empire” 112 Lord Lansdowne on the Indian Army. 117 Lord Roberts on India as Training Ground for British Army. 118 Sir Henry Brackenberry on Indian Army Expenditure. 118 Sir Edwin Collen on the Apportionment of Expense. 119 Lord Northbrook on Wars Outside India. 120 The First Treaty with Persia 123 Other Nations of Asia 125 Isle of France 126 The Muluccas 126 Ceylon 126 Eastern Archipelago; Strait: of Malacca and Singapore. 127 Siam and Cochin-China. 127 Burmah. 128 Malacca. 128 The China Consular Representatives. 128 Aden. 129 The Zanzibar and Mauritius Cable. 129 The Red Sea Telegraph. 129 8. THE COTTON INDUSTRY OF INDIA 132 Early Mention. 132 Excellence of Indian Cotton Fabric. 134 Extent of Cotton Industry in Olden times 135 Decline of the Indian Industry 140 Besides the Drawback of the Excise Duty 142 Silk Goods 149 Testimony of Montgomery Martin 152 Cotton Goods 152 Legislative Acts 156 Cotton duties — 1917 developments 175 9. SHIPBUILDING AND SHIPPING 179 Conditions in Foarmor Times 179 The Decline of the Industry 185 Ships built at Indian Ports 189 Ships Built at Indian Ports - Continued 190 10. MISCELLANEOUS INDUSTRIAL, AGRICULTURAL, AND MINING OPERATION 191 Indigo. 191 Jute 192 Woollen Mills 193 Paper Mills 193 Breweries 194 Rice Mills and Saw Mills 194 Iron 194 Copper 196 Manganese 196 Coal 197 Other Minerals 197 Tea and Coffee 198 11. AGRICULTURE 200 India’s Greatest Industry 200 Land Tax 210 Bengal 216 Northern India 239 Bombay 249 Village Communities 250 Changes Under the British Rule 253 The Punjab 260 Central Provinces 264 The Present Policy as to the Land Tax 266 12. ECONOMIC CONDITION OF THE PEOPLE 271 The Poverty of the Masses 271 Testimony of English Public Man 275 Average Income of the People 277 13. FAMINES AND THEIR CAUSES 291 Famine: in the Past 291 Mr. Digby’s Table 293 Digby’s “Prosperous British India.” 294 Famines in the Twentieth Century 296 Famines During the British Period 297 Causes of Famines 299 Shortage of Rainfall 300 Are the Famine: of India Due to Over-Population ! 301 Are Famines Due to Scarcity of Food! 305 Is the Distress Due to the Extravagance of the Ryat on Occasions of Marriages and Funerals! 305 The True Cause 307 FAMINE RELIEF 308 Building of Railways 310 Building of Canals and Irrigation Works 311 Pressure on Land 312 The Opening of Agricultural Banks 313 Special Agrarian Legislation. 313 14. RAILWAYS AND IRRIGATION 316 The Government Policy 316 The Beginning of Railway Policy 319 Benefits of Capital Investment 333 Irrigation 334 15. EDUCATION AND LITERACY 336 Early Conditions 336 Law 339 Medicine 339 Engineering 339 Agriculture 340 Technical and Industrial Education 341 Commercial Schools 343 Art Schools 343 Education of Europeans 343 Education of Girls 344 16. CERTAIN FALLACIES ABOUT THE “PROSPERITY OF INDIA” EXAMINED 346 17. TAXES AND EXPENDITURE 353 Abstract of Revenue and Expenditure 353 Ingenious Way of Calculating the Burden of Taxation. 356 The Growth of Amy Expenditure 357 The Growth of Expenditure on Education 358 18. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION 360 19. APPENDIX A 384 20. APPENDIX B 385 21. APPENDIX C 387 How the Villager: Live in the Madras Presidency — An Article from the Tribune of Lahore of January 19, 1917. 387 22. APPENDIX D 390 WAGES IN INDIA 390 23. APPENDIX E 400 THE COST OF ADMINISTRATION IN INDIA, JAPAN AND THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA 400 PROPORTION OF INDIANS IN HIGHER SERVICES — LATEST FIGURES 407 24. APPENDIX F 407 Gold Value of Rupee 407
520			_aExcerpt from England's Debt to India: A Historical Narrative of Britain's Fiscal Policy in India In the ordinary course of nature, the man whom the shoe pinches is the best person to know about it but in politics the laws of nature are reversed. In judg ing of governments and rulers, it is they whose word is to be accepted and not that of the governed and the ruled.
650		0	_aFinance, Public
650		0	_aFiscal policy
650		0	_zIndia _xHistory.
650		0	_zIndia _xHistory.
651		0	_aIndia _xEconomic conditions.
906			_a7 _bcbc _corignew _du _encip _f19 _gy-gencatlg
942			_2ddc _cBOOKS
999			_c42811 _d42811