000			04168nam a2200313 a 4500
003			UkLCURL
005			20240913150829.0
008			031006s2002 enk eng
020			_a9781138292819
041			_aEnglish
049			_lb _m2
082	1	4	_a428.24 _221 _bLEE
100	1		_aLeech, Geoffrey N.
245	1	2	_aA communicative grammar of English / _cGeoffrey Leech and Jan Svartvik.
250			_a3rd ed.
260			_aLondon : _bLongman, _c2002.
300			_axiv, 440 p. ; _c24 cm.
500			_aPrevious ed.: 1994.
500			_aIncludes index.
505			_tCover Page Half Title Page Title Page Copyright Page Contents Preface Symbols Part I A guide to the use of this book Introduction The way this book is organized Varieties of English Grammar in spoken and written English Intonation A note on phonetic symbols Geographical and national varieties Levels of usage: formal and informal English Part II Grammar in use Section A Concepts Referring to objects, substances and materials Concrete and abstract Amount or quantity Definite and indefinite meaning: the, a/an, zero Relations between ideas expressed by nouns Restrictive and non-restrictive meaning Time, tense and aspect Present time Past time The progressive aspect Future time Summary Time-when Duration: for, over, from… to, etc. Frequency Place, direction and distance Manner, means and instrument Cause, reason and purpose Condition and contrast Degree Role, standard and point of view Comparison Addition, exception and restriction Subject matter: about and on Section B Information, reality and belief Statements, questions and responses Omission of information Reported statements and questions Denial and affirmation Agreement and disagreement Fact, hypothesis and neutrality Degrees of likelihood Attitudes to truth Section C Mood, emotion and attitude Emotive emphasis in speech Describing emotions Volition Permission and obligation Influencing people Friendly communications Vocatives Section D Meanings in connected discourse Linking signals Linking clauses and sentences ‘General purpose' links Cross-reference and omission Presenting and focusing information Order and emphasis Part III A–Z in English grammar Adjective patterns Adjectives Adjective or adverb? Adjectives as heads Adverbials Adverbs Apposition Articles Auxiliary verbs Clauses Cleft sentences Commands Comment clauses Comparison Complements Concord Coordination Demonstratives Determiners Exclamations Gender Genitive Interrogatives Introductory there: There won't be any trouble. Irregular verbs Main verbs Nationality words Negation Nominal clauses Noun phrases Number Numerals Objects Operators Passives Personal and reflexive pronouns Phrasal and prepositional verbs Plurals Postmodifiers Premodifiers Prepositional phrases Prepositions and prepositional adverbs Pronouns Pronunciation of endings Proper nouns and names Quantifiers Questions Reciprocal pronouns Relative clauses Sentences Some-words and any-words Spelling changes Subjects Subjunctives Subordination Verb patterns Verb phrases Word-classes Zero Index
520			_aA Communicative Grammar of English has long been established as a grammar innovative in approach, reliable in coverage, and clear in its explanations. This fully revised and redesigned third edition provides up-to-date and accessible help to teachers, advanced learners and undergraduate students of English. Part One looks at the way English grammar varies in different types of English, such as ‘formal’ and ‘informal’, ‘spoken’ and ‘written’; Part Two focuses on the uses of grammar rather than on grammatical structure and Part Three provides a handy alphabetically arranged guide to English grammar. A new workbook, The Communicative Grammar of English Workbook also accompanies this edition.
650		0	_aEnglish language
650		0	_aEnglish language
650		0	_vTextbooks for foreign speakers.
650		0	_xGrammar.
700	1		_aSvartvik, Jan.
907			_a.b21577559
942			_2ddc _cBOOKS
999			_c43572 _d43572