Cover; Half Title; Title Page; Copyright Page; Dedication; Table of Contents; Preface; Acknowledgements; Glossary; G.1 Abbreviations of mineral names used in the text; G.2 Other abbreviations and symbols used in the text; 1. Geochemical data; 1.1 Introduction; 1.2 Geological processes and their geochemical signatures; 1.2.1 Processes which control the chemical composition of igneous rocks; 1.2.2 Processes which control the chemical composition of sedimentary rocks; 1.2.3 Processes which control the chemical composition of metamorphic rocks; 1.3 Geological controls on geochemical data. 1.4 Analytical methods in geochemistry1.4.1 X-ray fluorescence (XRF); 1.4.2 Neutron activation analysis (INAA and RNAA); 1.4.3 Inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometry (ICP); 1.4.4 Atomic absorption spectrophotometry (AAS); 1.4.5 Mass spectrometry; Isotope dilution mass spectrometry (IDMS); Inductively coupled plasma emission mass spectrometry (ICP-MS); Spark source mass spectrometry (SSMS); 1.4.6 Electron microprobe analysis; 1.4.7 The ion microprobe; 1.5 Selecting an appropriate analytical technique; 1.6 Sources of error in geochemical analysis; 1.6.1 Contamination. 1.6.2 Calibration1.6.3 Peak overlap; 1.6.4 Detecting errors in geochemical data; 2. Analysing geochemical data; 2.1 Introduction; 2.2 Averages; 2.3 Correlation; 2.3.1 The correlation coefficient; 2.3.2 The significance of the correlation coefficient (r); 2.3.3 Assumptions in the calculation of the product-moment coefficient of correlation; 2.3.4 Spearman rank correlation; 2.3.5 Correlation matrices; 2.3.6 Correlation coefficient patterns; 2.4 Regression; 2.4.1 Ordinary least squares regression; 2.4.2 Reduced major axis regression; 2.4.3 Weighted least squares regression. 2.4.4 Robust regression2.4.5 Some problems with traditional approaches to correlation and regression; 2.5 Ratio correlation; 2.5.1 An example of the improper use of ratio correlation
Pearce element ratio diagrams; 2.5.2 Application to trace element diagrams; 2.5.3 Ratio correlation in isotope geology; 2.6 The constant sum problem; 2.6.1 The consequences of closure; Correlating compositional data; The means of compositional data-sets; Invalid escape routes; 2.6.2 Aitchison's solution to the constant sum effect; An example
basalts from Kilauea Iki lava lake, Hawaii. The interpretation of log-ratios2.7 The interpretation of trends on triangular diagrams; 2.8 Principal component analysis; 2.9 Discriminant analysis; 2.9.1 An example from igneous petrology; 2.9.2 Other applications of discriminant analysis; 2.10 Whither geochemical data analysis?; 3. Using major element data; 3.1 Introduction; 3.2 Rock classification; 3.2.1 Classifying igneous rocks using oxide-oxide plots; The total alkalis-silica diagram (TAS); (a) Using TAS with volcanic rocks; (b) A TAS diagram for plutonic rocks

The advent of automated geochemical analytical techniques over the last two decades has brought about significant changes in the field of geochemistry, stimulating the evolution of highly specialized sub-disciplines and the production of a huge volume of geochemical data