01. Collection and Processing of Soil Samples 02. Soil Texture and Textural Class 03. Density and Porosity of Soil 04. Soil Aggregate Analysis 05. Soil Moisture 06. Flow of Water in Soil 07. Soil Consistency 08. Basics of Quantitative Chemical Analysis 09. Instrument and its Principle of Functioning 10. Soil Reaction 11. Electrical Conductivity and Water Soluble Salt 12. Soil Organic Matter 13. Ion Exchange Capacity and Exchangeable Bases 14. Nitrogen in Soil 15. Phosphorus in Soil 16. Potassium in Soil 17. Sulphur in Soil 18. Micronutrients in Soil 19. Some Soil Polluting Heavy Metals

Soil Science is an important and basic science in agriculture which deals with different domains of soil research namely, soil formation, genesis and classification, soil physics, soil chemistry, soil fertility and plant nutrition, soil biology, etc. Characterization as well as our understanding of soils requires that they are precisely analysed and described. While the physical properties of soils determine their adaptability to cultivation, chemical properties tells about their chemical environment and nutrient status to the crop production - the most important use of soils on this densely populated planet. Determination of different soil physical and chemical properties in the field or in the laboratory following suitable analytical methods is first step towards appropriate soil managements and scientific recommendations for increasing crop production.