Table of Contents
Cover; Title; Copyright Page; Contents; Preface to the second edition; Preface to the first edition; Introduction; Part One Neoichnology; 1 Animal-sediment relationships; 1.1 Why do animals burrow?; 1.1.1 Protection and concealment; 1.1.2 Respiration; 1.1.3 Suspension feeding; 1.1.4 Deposit feeding; 1.1.5 Surface detritus feeding; 1.1.6 Gardening; 1.1.7 and the opposite; 1.1.8 Chemosymbiosis; 1.1.9 Predation; 1.1.10 Reproduction and trauma; 1.1.11 Other behaviour; 1.2 How do animals burrow?; 1.2.1 Intrusion; 1.2.2 Compression; 1.2.3 Excavation; 1.2.4 Backfill; 1.2.5 Spreite. 1.2.6 Bioturbation1.3 The substrate; 1.3.1 Grainsize; 1.3.2 Water content; 1.3.3 Shear strength; 1.3.4 Mucus and the effect of bioturbation; 1.3.5 Terminology of substrate consistency; 1.4 Tubes and walls; 1.5 Physical induction of flow in burrows; 1.6 Animal-sediment ecology; 2 Sediment stirrers; 2.1 Interstitial meiofauna and microfauna; 2.2 Haustoriid amphipods; 2.3 Intruders in soft substrate; 2.4 Swimming through the substrate; 3 The work of worms (mostly); 3.1 Two worms in soft mud; 3.1.1 A priapulid worm; 3.1.2 A carnivorous polychaete worm; 3.2 Sea anemones and other cnidarians. 3.2.1 Actinaria3.2.2 Ceriantharia; 3.2.3 Sea pens; 3.3 U-burrows for suspension feeders; 3.3.1 The chaetopterid worm; 3.3.2 The fat innkeeper; 3.3.3 A less unusual echiuran; 3.3.4 Circular arguments on U-shaped burrows; 3.3.5 Spoke burrows, U-burrows and L-burrows; 3.4 U-burrows for detritus feeders; 3.4.1 The tidal flat shrimp; 3.4.2 Life of the lugworm; 3.4.3 The funnel U-burrow; 3.4.4 A pedate holothurian; 3.4.5 Some enteropneusts; 3.4.6 Rings of pits around a mound; 3.4.7 Poisonous worms; 3.5 Deposit-feeder conveyors; 3.5.1 A fat holothurian conveyor; 3.5.2 A slender polychaete conveyor. 3.5.3 Pectinariidae, mobile tube-worms3.5.4 Reverse-conveyor activity; 3.6 A thick-walled U-tube; 3.7 Chimney-building worms; 3.8 Unwhole worms, the Pogonophora; 4 Some celebrated burrowers; 4.1 Bivalves; 4.1.1 A deposit feeder; 4.1.2 A jet-propelled suspension feeder; 4.1.3 Equilibrium and escape in bivalves; 4.1.4 Bivalve chemosymbionts; 4.2 Two heart urchins of the same genus; 4.2.1 An almost anoxic heart urchin; 4.2.2 A very oxic heart urchin; 4.3 Anomuran crustacean burrowers; 4.3.1 Callichirus major; 4.3.2 Boxworks for deposit feeding; 4.3.3 Spiral and dendritic architecture. 4.3.4 Y-burrows for suspension-feeding gardeners4.3.5 Gardening deposit feeders; 4.3.6 Classifying thalassinidean burrow systems; 4.4 Stomatopods; 4.5 More crustaceans and some fish; 4.6 Spiral traps; 5 The synecology of bioturbation; 5.1 Commensalism; 5.1.1 Combination structures; 5.1.2 Dependence at a distance; 5.2 Substrate modification by bioturbation; 5.2.1 Physical effects of bioturbation; 5.2.2 Homogenization versus heterogenization; 5.2.3 Chemical effects of bioturbation; 5.3 Biological effects: amensalism and community succession; 5.3.1 Amensal relationships

This updated edition includes an appendix of criteria for the identification of ichnotaxa and covers all aspects of tiering, trace fossil diversity and ichnoguilds.