Advanced water technologies : concepts and applications / P.K. Tewari.

Includes bibliographical references and index.

Cover -- Half Title -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Table of Contents -- Preface -- About the Author -- Chapter 1: Water -- 1.1 Water-A Miracle Compound -- 1.2 Water on Earth -- 1.3 Water Quality -- 1.3.1 Trophic States -- 1.3.2 Dissolved Oxygen -- 1.3.3 Contaminants -- 1.3.3.1 Biological Contaminants -- 1.3.3.2 Chemical Contaminants -- 1.4 Water Security -- 1.5 Water Resource Management -- 1.5.1 Water Harvesting -- 1.5.2 Recharge through Isotope Hydrology -- 1.5.2.1 Groundwater Recharge Investigations -- 1.6 Water Contaminants Monitoring through Isotope Techniques

1.7 Measurements of Discharge Rate in Canals and Mountainous Rivers -- 1.8 Desalination and Water Purification -- References -- Chapter 2: Membrane Technologies for Water Purification -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Membranes -- 2.2.1 Isotropic (Symmetric) Membranes -- 2.2.1.1 Microporous Membrane -- 2.2.1.2 Nonporous Membrane -- 2.2.1.3 Electrically Charged Membranes -- 2.2.2 Anisotropic (Asymmetric) Membranes -- 2.3 Membrane Technologies -- 2.3.1 Microfiltration -- 2.3.2 Ultrafiltration -- 2.3.3 Nanofiltration -- 2.3.4 Reverse Osmosis -- 2.3.5 Electrodialysis

2.4 Membrane Characteristics and Applications -- 2.5 Other Membrane Systems and Membranes for Water Purification -- 2.5.1 Membrane Contactor -- 2.5.2 Membrane Distillation -- 2.5.3 Biomimetic Membranes -- 2.6 Transport Mechanism in Membrane Filtration -- 2.6.1 Gel Polarization Model -- 2.6.2 Resistance Model -- 2.7 Transport Mechanism in Electrodialysis Membrane -- 2.8 Membrane Structures -- 2.8.1 Neutral Microporous Membranes -- 2.8.1.1 Sintered Membranes -- 2.8.1.2 Stretched Membranes -- 2.8.1.3 Capillary Pore Membranes by Track Etching -- 2.8.1.4 Phase Inversion Membranes

2.8.2 Asymmetric Microporous Membranes -- 2.9 Homogeneous Membranes -- 2.9.1 Homogeneous Polymer Membranes -- 2.10 Liquid Membrane -- 2.11 Ion-Exchange Membranes -- 2.12 Composite Membranes -- 2.12.1 Preparation Method for Composite Membranes -- 2.12.1.1 Sol-Gel Route for Asymmetric Inorganic Membrane -- 2.13 Membrane Modules -- 2.13.1 Hollow-Fiber Modules -- 2.13.2 Plate-and-Frame Module -- 2.13.3 Tubular Membrane Module -- 2.13.4 Spiral-Wound Module -- 2.13.5 Module Selection -- 2.14 Concentration Polarization and Fouling -- 2.14.1 Concentration Polarization -- 2.14.2 Membrane Fouling

2.15 Materials for Different Membrane Processes -- 2.15.1 Materials for Ultrafiltration Membrane -- 2.15.2 Materials for Reverse Osmosis Membrane -- 2.15.3 Materials for Nanofiltration Membrane -- 2.15.4 Materials for Pervaporation Membranes -- 2.15.5 Materials for Ion-Exchange Membranes -- 2.16 Need for Nanocomposite Membrane -- 2.17 Case Studies -- 2.17.1 On-line Water Purifier Based on Polysulfone Ultrafiltration Membrane -- 2.17.2 Membrane-Assisted Sorption-Based Water Purification Installed in Rural Area -- 2.17.2.1 Modality Followed in Sirohi -- 2.17.2.2 Modality Followed in Jhunjhunu

The book explores basic concepts and advanced topics in the field of water technologies. It deals extensively with advances in materials, material selection, preparation, characterization and application. The relevance of water technologies in industries is considered, and a section is dedicated to describing and analyzing the technologies required for water reuse and advanced purification, including desalination. Nuclear desalination, low-carbon desalination and water purification technologies to address the adverse impacts of climate change are examined from both the adaptation and mitigation points of view. Aimed at senior undergraduate/graduate students in chemical, civil and environmental engineering, along with wastewater and desalination researchers, this book: Details advanced water treatments for varied processes. Describes membrane and desalination techniques for water reuse and advanced purification. Elaborates water technologies at both the front and back ends of the process. Discusses modern technologies for effluent treatment and water recycling. Explores the role of information technology in the water sector.