England's debt to India : a historical narrative of Britain's fiscal policy in India / Introd. by B. M. Bhatia.

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Material type: Text

TextLanguage: English Series: Classics of Indian history and economicsPublication details: New Delhi : Wave Books, 2023.Description: xlviii, 242 p. port. 25 cmISBN:

9789389801507

Subject(s):

DDC classification:

336.340 RAI

Contents:

India Once War Rich. 3 Thornton’s “Description of Ancient India.” 4 India Reform Pamphlet. 6 The Observations of Mr. Torrcns, M. P., comparing India with Europe. 9 India Under the Mohammedans. 11 Raid of Tamerlane. 11 From 1206 to 1526 A.D. 12 Elphinstane on the General State of the Country. 13 Carsar Frederic and Ibn Batuta. 13 Abdurisag. 14 Baber. 14 Sher Shah. 14 Akbar. 15 Pietro del Valle. 16 Shah Jehan. 16 Aurangzeb and His Successors. 17 The Raid by Nadir Shah. 17 Pre-British Period. 18 Principal Political Divisions of the Country. 18 Tonjore and Arcot. 19 Mysore. 24 Northern India. 27 Bengal. 27 The Kingdom of Oude. 30 5. INDIA AND BRITISH INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION 46 Before Plassy 46 Effects of Plassy 55 The Second Administration of Lord Clive 63 After Clive 68 6. “TRIBUTE” OR “ DRAIN” 74 General Observations 74 Drain: the Case Against England 75 Drain: the Case for England. 85 Drain: Weighing the Evidence. 90 The Extent of the Drain 98 7. HOW INDIA HAS HELPED ENGLAND MAKE HER EMPIRE 112 India and “The Empire” 112 Lord Lansdowne on the Indian Army. 117 Lord Roberts on India as Training Ground for British Army. 118 Sir Henry Brackenberry on Indian Army Expenditure. 118 Sir Edwin Collen on the Apportionment of Expense. 119 Lord Northbrook on Wars Outside India. 120 The First Treaty with Persia 123 Other Nations of Asia 125 Isle of France 126 The Muluccas 126 Ceylon 126 Eastern Archipelago; Strait: of Malacca and Singapore. 127 Siam and Cochin-China. 127 Burmah. 128 Malacca. 128 The China Consular Representatives. 128 Aden. 129 The Zanzibar and Mauritius Cable. 129 The Red Sea Telegraph. 129 8. THE COTTON INDUSTRY OF INDIA 132 Early Mention. 132 Excellence of Indian Cotton Fabric. 134 Extent of Cotton Industry in Olden times 135 Decline of the Indian Industry 140 Besides the Drawback of the Excise Duty 142 Silk Goods 149 Testimony of Montgomery Martin 152 Cotton Goods 152 Legislative Acts 156 Cotton duties — 1917 developments 175 9. SHIPBUILDING AND SHIPPING 179 Conditions in Foarmor Times 179 The Decline of the Industry 185 Ships built at Indian Ports 189 Ships Built at Indian Ports - Continued 190 10. MISCELLANEOUS INDUSTRIAL, AGRICULTURAL, AND MINING OPERATION 191 Indigo. 191 Jute 192 Woollen Mills 193 Paper Mills 193 Breweries 194 Rice Mills and Saw Mills 194 Iron 194 Copper 196 Manganese 196 Coal 197 Other Minerals 197 Tea and Coffee 198 11. AGRICULTURE 200 India’s Greatest Industry 200 Land Tax 210 Bengal 216 Northern India 239 Bombay 249 Village Communities 250 Changes Under the British Rule 253 The Punjab 260 Central Provinces 264 The Present Policy as to the Land Tax 266 12. ECONOMIC CONDITION OF THE PEOPLE 271 The Poverty of the Masses 271 Testimony of English Public Man 275 Average Income of the People 277 13. FAMINES AND THEIR CAUSES 291 Famine: in the Past 291 Mr. Digby’s Table 293 Digby’s “Prosperous British India.” 294 Famines in the Twentieth Century 296 Famines During the British Period 297 Causes of Famines 299 Shortage of Rainfall 300 Are the Famine: of India Due to Over-Population ! 301 Are Famines Due to Scarcity of Food! 305 Is the Distress Due to the Extravagance of the Ryat on Occasions of Marriages and Funerals! 305 The True Cause 307 FAMINE RELIEF 308 Building of Railways 310 Building of Canals and Irrigation Works 311 Pressure on Land 312 The Opening of Agricultural Banks 313 Special Agrarian Legislation. 313 14. RAILWAYS AND IRRIGATION 316 The Government Policy 316 The Beginning of Railway Policy 319 Benefits of Capital Investment 333 Irrigation 334 15. EDUCATION AND LITERACY 336 Early Conditions 336 Law 339 Medicine 339 Engineering 339 Agriculture 340 Technical and Industrial Education 341 Commercial Schools 343 Art Schools 343 Education of Europeans 343 Education of Girls 344 16. CERTAIN FALLACIES ABOUT THE “PROSPERITY OF INDIA” EXAMINED 346 17. TAXES AND EXPENDITURE 353 Abstract of Revenue and Expenditure 353 Ingenious Way of Calculating the Burden of Taxation. 356 The Growth of Amy Expenditure 357 The Growth of Expenditure on Education 358 18. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION 360 19. APPENDIX A 384 20. APPENDIX B 385 21. APPENDIX C 387 How the Villager: Live in the Madras Presidency — An Article from the Tribune of Lahore of January 19, 1917. 387 22. APPENDIX D 390 WAGES IN INDIA 390 23. APPENDIX E 400 THE COST OF ADMINISTRATION IN INDIA, JAPAN AND THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA 400 PROPORTION OF INDIANS IN HIGHER SERVICES — LATEST FIGURES 407 24. APPENDIX F 407 Gold Value of Rupee 407

Summary: Excerpt from England's Debt to India: A Historical Narrative of Britain's Fiscal Policy in India In the ordinary course of nature, the man whom the shoe pinches is the best person to know about it but in politics the laws of nature are reversed. In judg ing of governments and rulers, it is they whose word is to be accepted and not that of the governed and the ruled.

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Holdings
Item type	Current library	Collection	Call number	Status	Date due	Barcode
General Books	CUTN Central Library Social Sciences	Non-fiction	336.340 RAI (Browse shelf(Opens below))	Available		48226

"This book is a kind of companion volume to my other book, 'Young India'."

Bibliographical footnotes.

India Once War Rich. 3
Thornton’s “Description of Ancient India.” 4
India Reform Pamphlet. 6
The Observations of Mr. Torrcns, M. P., comparing India
with Europe. 9
India Under the Mohammedans. 11
Raid of Tamerlane. 11
From 1206 to 1526 A.D. 12
Elphinstane on the General State of the Country. 13
Carsar Frederic and Ibn Batuta. 13
Abdurisag. 14
Baber. 14
Sher Shah. 14
Akbar. 15
Pietro del Valle. 16
Shah Jehan. 16
Aurangzeb and His Successors. 17
The Raid by Nadir Shah. 17
Pre-British Period. 18
Principal Political Divisions of the Country. 18
Tonjore and Arcot. 19
Mysore. 24
Northern India. 27
Bengal. 27
The Kingdom of Oude. 30
5. INDIA AND BRITISH INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION
46
Before Plassy 46
Effects of Plassy 55
The Second Administration of Lord Clive 63
After Clive 68
6. “TRIBUTE” OR “ DRAIN” 74
General Observations 74
Drain: the Case Against England 75
Drain: the Case for England. 85
Drain: Weighing the Evidence. 90
The Extent of the Drain 98
7. HOW INDIA HAS HELPED ENGLAND MAKE
HER EMPIRE 112
India and “The Empire” 112
Lord Lansdowne on the Indian Army. 117
Lord Roberts on India as Training Ground for British
Army. 118
Sir Henry Brackenberry on Indian Army Expenditure.
118
Sir Edwin Collen on the Apportionment of Expense. 119
Lord Northbrook on Wars Outside India. 120
The First Treaty with Persia 123
Other Nations of Asia 125
Isle of France 126
The Muluccas 126
Ceylon 126
Eastern Archipelago; Strait: of Malacca and Singapore.
127
Siam and Cochin-China. 127
Burmah. 128
Malacca. 128
The China Consular Representatives. 128
Aden. 129
The Zanzibar and Mauritius Cable. 129
The Red Sea Telegraph. 129
8. THE COTTON INDUSTRY OF INDIA 132
Early Mention. 132
Excellence of Indian Cotton Fabric. 134
Extent of Cotton Industry in Olden times 135
Decline of the Indian Industry 140
Besides the Drawback of the Excise Duty 142
Silk Goods 149
Testimony of Montgomery Martin 152
Cotton Goods 152
Legislative Acts 156
Cotton duties — 1917 developments 175
9. SHIPBUILDING AND SHIPPING 179
Conditions in Foarmor Times 179
The Decline of the Industry 185
Ships built at Indian Ports 189
Ships Built at Indian Ports - Continued 190
10. MISCELLANEOUS INDUSTRIAL,
AGRICULTURAL, AND MINING OPERATION 191
Indigo. 191
Jute 192
Woollen Mills 193
Paper Mills 193
Breweries 194
Rice Mills and Saw Mills 194
Iron 194
Copper 196
Manganese 196
Coal 197
Other Minerals 197
Tea and Coffee 198
11. AGRICULTURE 200
India’s Greatest Industry 200
Land Tax 210
Bengal 216
Northern India 239
Bombay 249
Village Communities 250
Changes Under the British Rule 253
The Punjab 260
Central Provinces 264
The Present Policy as to the Land Tax 266
12. ECONOMIC CONDITION OF THE PEOPLE 271
The Poverty of the Masses 271
Testimony of English Public Man 275
Average Income of the People 277
13. FAMINES AND THEIR CAUSES 291
Famine: in the Past 291
Mr. Digby’s Table 293
Digby’s “Prosperous British India.” 294
Famines in the Twentieth Century 296
Famines During the British Period 297
Causes of Famines 299
Shortage of Rainfall 300
Are the Famine: of India Due to Over-Population ! 301
Are Famines Due to Scarcity of Food! 305
Is the Distress Due to the Extravagance of the Ryat on
Occasions of Marriages and Funerals! 305
The True Cause 307
FAMINE RELIEF 308
Building of Railways 310
Building of Canals and Irrigation Works 311
Pressure on Land 312
The Opening of Agricultural Banks 313
Special Agrarian Legislation. 313
14. RAILWAYS AND IRRIGATION 316
The Government Policy 316
The Beginning of Railway Policy 319
Benefits of Capital Investment 333
Irrigation 334
15. EDUCATION AND LITERACY 336
Early Conditions 336
Law 339
Medicine 339
Engineering 339
Agriculture 340
Technical and Industrial Education 341
Commercial Schools 343
Art Schools 343
Education of Europeans 343
Education of Girls 344
16. CERTAIN FALLACIES ABOUT THE “PROSPERITY
OF INDIA” EXAMINED 346
17. TAXES AND EXPENDITURE 353
Abstract of Revenue and Expenditure 353
Ingenious Way of Calculating the Burden of Taxation.
356
The Growth of Amy Expenditure 357
The Growth of Expenditure on Education 358
18. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION 360
19. APPENDIX A 384
20. APPENDIX B 385
21. APPENDIX C 387
How the Villager: Live in the Madras Presidency — An
Article from the Tribune of Lahore of January 19, 1917.
387
22. APPENDIX D 390
WAGES IN INDIA 390
23. APPENDIX E 400
THE COST OF ADMINISTRATION IN INDIA, JAPAN
AND THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA 400
PROPORTION OF INDIANS IN HIGHER SERVICES
— LATEST FIGURES 407
24. APPENDIX F 407
Gold Value of Rupee 407

Excerpt from England's Debt to India: A Historical Narrative of Britain's Fiscal Policy in India

In the ordinary course of nature, the man whom the shoe pinches is the best person to know about it but in politics the laws of nature are reversed. In judg ing of governments and rulers, it is they whose word is to be accepted and not that of the governed and the ruled.

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