Introduction to Metamorphic Textures and Microstructures / Andy J. Barker.

PART - A Introduction to metamorphism and metamorphic rocks.- 1 Environments and processes of metamorphism.- 1.1 Environments of metamorphism.- 1.1.1 Regionally extensive metamorphism.- 1.1.2 Localised metamorphism.- 1.2 The limits of metamorphism.- 1.3 An introduction to chemical processes of metamorphism.- 1.3.1 Equilibrium assemblages and the phase rule.- 1.3.2 The energy of the system.- 1.3.3 Reaction types.- 1.3.4 Reaction rates.- 1.3.5 Diffusion.- 1.3.6 Fluid phase.- 1.4 Physical processes acting during metamorphism.- 1.4.1 Volume changes during reaction.- 1.4.2 Deformation processes on the macro-and microscale.- 1.4.3 Crystal defects and surface energy.- 1.5 Deformation-metamorphism interrelationships.- References.- 2 Facies concept and petrogenetic grids.- 2.1 Metamorphic facies, grade and zones.- 2.2 Petrogenetic grids.- References.- 3 Compositional groups of metamorphic rocks.- 3.1 Pelites.- 3.1.1 Medium-pressure 'Barrovian' metamorphism.- 3.1.2 Low-pressure assemblages.- 3.1.3 High-pressure assemblages.- 3.2 Metacarbonates and calc-silicate rocks.- 3.3 Quartzofeldspathic metasediments.- 3.4 Metabasites.- 3.5 Metamorphosed ultramafic rocks.- 3.6 Meta-granitoids.- References

PART - B Introduction to metamorphic textures and microstructures.- 4 Layering, banding and fabric development.- 4.1 Compositional layering.- 4.2 Introduction to stress, strain and fabric development.- 4.3 Classification of planar fabrics in metamorphic rocks.- 4.4 Processes involved in cleavage and schistosity development.- 4.5 Processes involved in formation of layering in gneisses and migmatites.- 4.5.1 The nature and origin of gneissose banding.- 4.5.2 The nature and origin of layered migmatites.- References.- 5 Crystal nucleation and growth.- 5.1 Nucleation.- 5.2 Growth of crystals.- 5.3 Size of crystals.- 5.4 Absolute growth times.- 5.5 Shape and form of crystals.- 5.6 Twinning.- 5.6.1 Introduction.- 5.6.2 Primary twins.- 5.6.3 Secondary twins.- 5.7 Zoning.- References.- 6 Mineral inclusions, intergrowths and coronas.- 6.1 Growth of porphyroblasts to enclose residual foreign phases.- 6.2 Exsolution textures.- 6.3 Inclusions representing incomplete replacement.- 6.4 Symplectites.- 6.5 Coronas (of high-grade rocks).- References.- 7 Replacement and overgrowth.- 7.1 Retrograde metamorphism.- 7.1.1 Environments of retrograde metamorphism.- 7.1.2 Textural features of retrogression.- 7.1.3 Specific types of retrogression and replacement.- 7.2 Overgrowth textures during prograde metamorphism.- References.

PART - C Interrelationships between deformation and metamorphism.- 8 Deformed rocks and strain-related microstructures.- 8.1 Deformation mechanisms.- 8.2 Inter-and intracrystalline deformation processes and microstructures.- 8.2.1 Defects.- 8.2.2 Dislocations.- 8.2.3 Creep mechanisms.- 8.2.4 Grain boundaries.- 8.2.5 Recovery.- 8.2.6 Recrystallisation.- 8.2.7 Crystallographic-preferred orientations.- 8.3 Fault and shear zone rocks and their microstructures.- 8.3.1 Deformation of quartzitic and quartzofeldspathic rocks.- 8.3.2 Deformation of mafic rocks.- 8.3.3 Deformation of carbonate rocks.- 8.3.4 Distinguishing between schists and mylonites.- 8.4 The influence of deformation on metamorphic processes.- 8.5 The influence of metamorphism on deformation processes.- References.- 9 Porphyroblast-foliation relationships.- 9.1 Thin-section 'cut effects'.- 9.2 Porphyroblast growth in relation to foliation development.- 9.2.1 Recognition and interpretation of pre-foliation (pre-tectonic) crystals.- 9.2.2 Recognition of syntectonic crystals.- 9.2.3 Recognition and interpretation of post-tectonic crystals.- 9.2.4 Complex porphyroblast inclusion trails and multiple growth stages.- References.- 10 Shear-sense indicators.- 10.1 Introduction.- 10.2 Vein asymmetry and sense of fold overturning.- 10.3 S-C fabrics, shear bands and mica-fish.- 10.4 Differentiated crenulation cleavages.- 10.5 Spiralled inclusion trails.- 10.6 Mantled porphyroclasts and 'rolling structures'.- 10.7 Strain shadows.- 10.8 Grain-shape fabrics and crystallographic preferred orientations.- References.- 11 Veins and fluid inclusions.- 11.1 Controls on fluid migration and veining.- 11.2 Initial description and interpretation of veins.- 11.3 The 'crack-seal' mechanism of vein formation.- 11.4 Interpretation of fibrous veins.- 11.4.1 Syntaxial fibre veins.- 11.4.2 Antitaxial fibre veins.- 11.4.3 Composite fibre veins.- 11.4.4 'Stretched' (or 'ataxial') crystal fibre veins.- 11.5 Veins and melt segregations at high metamorphic grades.- 11.6 Fluid inclusions.- References.- 12 Deciphering polydeformed and polymetamorphosed rocks.- 12.1 Polymetamorphism.- 12.2 Local and regional complications.- 12.3 P-T-t paths.- 12.3.1 Introduction.- 12.3.2 Orogenic metamorphism.- 12.3.3 Orogenic metamorphism with a subsequent thermal overprint.- 12.3.4 Granulite facies P-T-t paths.- 12.3.5 Blueschist facies P-T-t paths.- 12.3.6 Eclogite facies P-T-t paths.- 12.4 Final comments.- References.- Appendix I: Abbreviations.- Mineral abbreviations.- Additional abbreviations.- Appendix II: Glossary.- Appendix III: Key mineral assemblages.- Zeolite facies.- Sub-greenschist facies.- Greenschist facies.- Epidote-amphibolite facies.- Amphibolite facies.- Granulite facies.- Eclogite facies.- Blueschist facies.- Albite-epidote hornfels facies.- Hornblende hornfels facies.- Pyroxene hornfels facies.- Sanidinite facies.- References for Appendices I-III and the plates.- Plates.

Updated to take account of advances in metamorphic petrology, this book provides an introduction to the textural and microstructural features of metamorphic rocks.