Includes bibliographical references and indexes.

1 INTRODUCTION

Acceptance Quality Control

Acceptance Control and Process Control

Process Quality Control

Background of Acceptance Quality Control

Top Ten Reasons for Acceptance Sampling

References

Problems

2 PROBABILITY AND THE OPERATING CHARACTERISTIC CURVE

Probability

Classical Definition

Empirical Definition

Subjective Definition

Random Samples and Random Numbers

Counting Possibilities

Probability Calculus

The Operating Characteristic Curve

Software Applications

Excel

Minitab

References

Problems

3 PROBABILITY FUNCTIONS

Probability Distributions

Measures of Distribution Functions

Hypergeometric Distribution

Binomial Distribution

Poisson Distribution

f-Binomial Distribution

Negative Binomial Distribution

Exponential and Continuous Distributions

Weibull Distribution

Normal Distribution

Summary of Distributions

Tables of Distributions

Hypergeometric Tables

Binomial Tables

Poisson Tables

Negative Binomial Tables

Normal Distribution Tables

Summary

Useful Approximations

Tests of Fit

Software Applications

Excel

Minitab

References

Problems

4 CONCEPTS AND TERMINOLOGY

Average Run Length of Type B Plans

Samples Size and Lot Size

Effect of Inspection Error

Rectification

Curtailment

Tolerance and Confidence Intervals

Levels and Risks

Choosing Quality Levels

Classification of Defects

Measures of Sampling Plans: Terminology

Graphs of Measures

Specifying a Plan

Software Applications

Minitab

References

Problems

5 SINGLE SAMPLING BY ATTRIBUTES

Operation

Selection

Table of Poisson Unity Values

Binomial Nomograph

f- Binomial Nomograph

Thorndyke Chart

Hypergeometric Tables

Measures

Software Applications

Excel

Minitab

Statgraphics

References

Problems

6 DOUBLE AND MULTIPLE SAMPLING BY ATTRIBUTES

Operation

Double Sampling

Multiple Sampling

Selection

Measures

Double Sampling

Multiple Sampling

Further Considerations

Software Applications

Excel

Minitab

Statgraphics

References

Problems

7 SEQUENTIAL SAMPLING BY ATTRIBUTES

Operation

Selection

Measures

Sequential Sampling for Defects per Unit

Software Applications

Excel

References

Problems

8 VARIABLES SAMPLING FOR PROCESS PARAMETER

Single Sampling for Process Parameter

Acceptance Control Charts

Sequential Plans for Process Parameter ( Known)

Sequential Plans for Process Parameter ( Unknown)

Cumulative Sum Charts

References

Problems

9 BULK SAMPLING

Construction of the Sample

Estimation

Sampling Plans

Simple Random Sampling of Unique Lot (Components of Variance Unknown)

Sampling from Stream of Lots

Estimation of Testing and Reduction Variances

Estimation of Segment and Increment Variances

Application of Plan to Stream of Lots

References

Problems

10 SAMPLING BY VARIABLES FOR PROPORTION NONCONFORMING

Specification Limits

Assumptions and Theory

Operation

Method

k Method

Double Specification Limits

Selection

Tables

Formulas

Jacobson Nomograph for Plan Selection

Measures

Jacobson Nomograph for Operating Characteristics

Calculation:  Known

Calculation:  Unknown

Double Specification Limits

Measures of Performance

M Method

Plans Based on Sample Range

Double Sampling by Variables

Tolerance Intervals and Variables Plans for Percent Nonconforming

Sequential Plans for Proportion Nonconforming

Further Considerations

Derivation of n, k Formulas

Need for Normality

Software Applications

Minitab

Statgraphics

References

Problems

11 ATTRIBUTES SAMPLING SCHEMES

Sampling Schemes

Quick Switching Systems

TNT Plans

Mil-Std-105E and Derivative Standards

Operation

Selection

Measures

Scheme Properties

Implementation of MIL-STD-105E

Matching Individual Sampling Plans to MIL-STD-105E System Performance

MIL-STD-105 Derivatives

Further Considerations

Software Applications

Minitab

Snap Sampling Plans!

Statgraphics

References

Problems

12 VARIABLES SAMPLING SCHEMES

Mil-Std-414

Operation

Selection

Measures

Implementation of Form 2

Implementation of Form 1

Implementation of Plans for Range and Variability Known

Match Between MIL-STD-414 and MIL-STD-105E

Conversion of MIL-STD-414 to ANSI/ASQ Z1.9

MIL-STD-414 Derivatives

Further Considerations

Software Applications

Excel

Minitab

Statgraphics

References

Problems

13 SPECIAL PLANS AND PROCEDURES

No-Calc Plans

Lot Plot Plans

Narrow Limit Gauging

Mixed Variables - Attributes Plan

Advantages and Disadvantages of Mixed Plans

Generalized Mixed Dependent Procedure

Measures: Independent Mixed Plan

Measures: Dependent Mixed Plan

Mil-Std-414 Dependent Mixed Plans

Comparison of Independent and Dependent Mixed Plans

Comparison of Mixed and Other Type Plans

References

Problems

14 SERIES OF LOTS: RECTIFICATION SCHEMES

Single-Sampling AOQL Plan

Dodge-Romig Sampling Scheme

Operation

Selection

Measures

Further Considerations

Constructing LTPD Plan With Minimum ATI

Constructing AOQL Plan With Minimum ATI

Anscombe Rectifying Inspection Procedure

Operation

Selection

Measures

Credit-Based Schemes

Dodge-Romig Plan Derivatives

Software Applications

Excel

Snap Sampling Plans!

References

Problems

15 CONTINUOUS SAMPLING PLANS

Dodge Continuous Plans

Dodge CSP-1

Dodge-Torrey CSP-2 and CSP-3

Measures of CSP-1, 2, 3

Stopping Rules and Selection of CSP-1 Plans

Multi-Level Plans

Tightened Multi-Level Plans

Block Continuous Plans

Wald-Wolfowitz Plan

Girshick Plan

MIL-STD-1235B

MIL-STD-1235B Derivatives

Software Applications

Excel

Snap Sampling Plans!

References

Problems

16 CUMULATIVE RESULTS PLANS

Skip-Lot Sampling Plans

SkSP-1

SkSP-2

Chain Sampling Plans

ChSP-1

Two-Stage Plans

Deferred Sentencing Schemes

Demerit Rating Plan

Cumulative Results Criterion Plan (CRC)

Software Applications

Excel

References

Problems

17 COMPLIANCE SAMPLING

Lot Sensitive Sampling Plan (LSP)

Procedure

Protection

Producer’s Risk

Examples of LSP Applications

Further Considerations

Tightened-Normal-Tightened (TNT) Scheme

Procedure

Protection

Selection

Quick Switching System (QSS)

Mil-Std-1916

Structure

Operation

Implementation

Measures

Further Considerations

Simplified Grand Lot Procedure

Simon’s Approach

Simplified Procedure: Attributes

Simplified Procedure: Variables

Continuing Series of Lots

Further Considerations

Accept on Zero (AoZ) Plans

U. S. Department of Defense Approach

Squeglia Plans

AOZ and AQL Plans

Chain Sampling Alternative

The Zero Acceptance Number Chained Quick Switching System

Summary

Software Applications

Excel

LSP Plans

TNT Plans

QSS Plans

MIL-STD-1916 Plans

Chain Sampling Alternative Plans

Zero Acceptance Number Chained Quick Switching System Plans

Minitab

Snap Sampling Plans!

LSP Plans

Squeglia Plans

Statgraphics

MIL-STD-1916 Plans

References

Problems

18 RELIABILITY SAMPLING

Censored Sampling

Variables Plans for Life Testing and Reliability

Handbook H-108

Operation

Failure Terminated

Time Terminated

Sequential

Proportion Failing by Specified Time

Selection

Example of H-108 Application

Failure Terminated

Time Terminated

Sequential

Proportion of Lot Failing by Specified Time

Measures

Further Considerations

Technical Report TR 7

Mean Life Criterion

Hazard Rate Criterion

Reliable Life Criterion

TR 7 Tables

Operation

TR 7 with the Mil-Std-105E System

Further Considerations

References

Problems

19 ADMINISTRATION OF ACCEPTANCE SAMPLING

Selection and Implementation of a Sampling Procedure

Determining Quality Levels

Setting AQL

Setting AOQL

Setting IQ

Setting LTPD (or LQ)

Relation of Levels

Setting PQL and CQL

Economic Considerations

Mandatory Standards

Basic Principle of Administration

References

Problems

APPENDIX TABLES

ANSWERS TO PROBLEMS

AUTHOR INDEX

SUBJECT INDEX

Acceptance Sampling in Quality Control, Third Edition presents the state of the art in the methodology of sampling while integrating both theory and best practices. It discusses various standards, including those from the ISO, MIL-STD and ASTM and explores how to set quality levels. The book also includes problems at the end of each chapter with solutions. This edition improves upon the previous editions especially in the areas of software applications and compliance sampling plans.

New to the Third Edition:


Numerous Microsoft Excel templates to address sampling plans are used.

Commercial software applications are discussed at the end of many chapters.

Discussion of quick switching systems has been expanded to account for the considerable recent activity in this area.

Added discussion of zero acceptance number chained quick switching systems.